Department of Hematology and Blood Bank, Tabas school of Nursing, Birjand University of Medical Science, Birjand, Iran.
Department of Nursing, Tabas School of Nursing, Birjand University of Medical Science, Birjand, Iran.
Adv Exp Med Biol. 2023;1412:225-235. doi: 10.1007/978-3-031-28012-2_12.
COVID-19 disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus can lead to an acute respiratory illness with a high hospitalization and mortality risk. Therefore, prognostic indicators are essential for early interventions. As a component of complete blood counts, the coefficient of variation (CV) of red blood cell distribution width (RDW) reflects cellular volume variations. It has been shown that RDW is associated with increased mortality risk in a wide range of diseases. This study aimed to determine the relationship between RDW and mortality risk in COVID-19 patients.
This retrospective study was performed on 592 patients admitted to hospital between February 2020 and December 2020. Patients were divided into low and high RDW groups and the relationship between RDW and mortality, intubation, admission to intensive care unit (ICU), and need for oxygen therapy was investigated.
The mortality rate in the low RDW group was 9.4%, while that in the high group was 20% (p < 0.001). Also, ICU admission in the low group was 8%, whereas this was 10% in the high RDW group (p = 0.040). The results of the Kaplan-Meyer curve showed that the survival rate was higher in the low group compared to the high RDW group. Cox results in the crude model showed that higher RDW values were directly related to increased mortality, although this was not significant after adjustment for other covariates.
The results of our study reveal that high RDW is associated with increased hospitalization and risk of death and that RDW may be a reliable indicator of COVID-19 prognosis.
由 SARS-CoV-2 病毒引起的 COVID-19 疾病可导致高住院率和高死亡率的急性呼吸道疾病。因此，预后指标对于早期干预至关重要。作为全血细胞计数的一部分，红细胞分布宽度（RDW）的变异系数（CV）反映了细胞体积的变化。已有研究表明，RDW 与多种疾病的死亡率增加有关。本研究旨在确定 RDW 与 COVID-19 患者死亡率之间的关系。
本回顾性研究纳入了 2020 年 2 月至 2020 年 12 月期间住院的 592 名患者。患者被分为低 RDW 组和高 RDW 组，研究人员调查了 RDW 与死亡率、插管、入住重症监护病房（ICU）和需要氧疗之间的关系。
低 RDW 组的死亡率为 9.4%，而高 RDW 组的死亡率为 20%（p<0.001）。此外，低 RDW 组的 ICU 入住率为 8%，而高 RDW 组的 ICU 入住率为 10%（p=0.040）。Kaplan-Meier 曲线的结果表明，低 RDW 组的生存率高于高 RDW 组。粗模型中的 Cox 结果表明，较高的 RDW 值与死亡率增加直接相关，但在调整其他协变量后，这一结果并不显著。
本研究结果表明，高 RDW 与住院率增加和死亡风险增加有关，RDW 可能是 COVID-19 预后的可靠指标。
