Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit St, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.
Louisiana Addiction Research Center, Shreveport, LA, 71103, USA.
Curr Pain Headache Rep. 2023 Sep;27(9):387-397. doi: 10.1007/s11916-023-01134-1. Epub 2023 Jun 28.
Postoperative pain (POP) is among the most unpleasant experiences that patients face after surgery. Interest in and use of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonists for the management of POP has increased over the years with ketamine being the most popular drug of this class.
Several randomized controlled trials found that the use of ketamine either alone or in combination with other medications leads to decreased postoperative pain and opioid consumption. However, there are other studies that have not found these benefits. The results as of now suggest that the role of intraoperative ketamine in postoperative pain control varies among different operative procedures. While some studies have shown promise in ketamine's potential use as a postoperative analgesic, there is still a great deal of proposed research and randomized controlled trials needed to deduce the most efficacious and tolerable form and dose of ketamine.
术后疼痛（POP）是患者在手术后最不愉快的体验之一。近年来，人们对 N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸（NMDA）受体拮抗剂用于 POP 的管理越来越感兴趣，并越来越多地使用，氯胺酮是此类药物中最受欢迎的药物。
几项随机对照试验发现，单独使用氯胺酮或与其他药物联合使用可减少术后疼痛和阿片类药物的消耗。然而，也有其他研究没有发现这些益处。目前的结果表明，氯胺酮在不同手术过程中的术后疼痛控制中的作用不同。虽然一些研究表明氯胺酮作为术后镇痛剂具有一定的潜力，但仍需要大量的研究和随机对照试验来推断出氯胺酮最有效和可耐受的形式和剂量。
