Department of Haematology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, China.
Department of Nursing, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, China.
Support Care Cancer. 2023 Jun 30;31(7):431. doi: 10.1007/s00520-023-07902-4.
Patients with multiple myeloma experience severe symptom burden. Patient participation in self-reporting is essential as medical staff's assessment of patient symptom severity is often lower than patient self-reporting. This article reviews patient-reported outcome (PRO) assessment tools and their application in the field of multiple myeloma.
The European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire Core 30 (EORTC QLQ-C30) is the universal patient-reported outcome assessment tool most frequently used to evaluate the life quality in people with multiple myeloma. Among the specific patient-reported outcome assessment tools, the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire-Multiple Myeloma Module (EORTC QLQ-MY20), the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Multiple Myeloma (FACT-MM), and the M.D. Anderson Symptom Inventory-Multiple Myeloma Module (MDASI-MM) are the most widely used, with some scholars using the EORTC QLQ-MY20 as a calibration correlate for scale development. Most current assessment instruments were developed using classical measurement theory methods; future researchers could combine classic theory tests and item response theory to create scientific assessment instruments. In addition, researchers select the appropriate assessment tool based on the purpose of the study. They can translate high-quality assessment tools into different languages and consider applying them more often to assessing multiple myeloma patients. Finally, most existing PROs focus on measuring life quality and symptoms in people with multiple myeloma, with less research on outcomes such as adherence and satisfaction, thus failing to comprehensively evaluate the patient treatment and disease management.
Research has shown that the field of PROs in multiple myeloma is in an exploratory phase. There is still a need to enrich the content of PROs and develop more high-quality PRO scales for multiple myeloma based on the strengths and weaknesses of existing tools. With the successful advancement of information technology, PROs for people with multiple myeloma could be integrated with electronic information systems, allowing patients to report their health status in real time and doctors to track their condition and adjust their treatment, thereby improving patient outcomes.
多发性骨髓瘤患者的症状负担严重。患者参与自我报告至关重要，因为医务人员对患者症状严重程度的评估往往低于患者的自我报告。本文综述了患者报告结局（PRO）评估工具及其在多发性骨髓瘤领域的应用。
欧洲癌症研究与治疗组织生活质量核心问卷 30 项（EORTC QLQ-C30）是最常用于评估多发性骨髓瘤患者生活质量的通用患者报告结局评估工具。在特定的患者报告结局评估工具中，欧洲癌症研究与治疗组织癌症治疗功能评估-多发性骨髓瘤量表（EORTC FACT-MM）和安德森症状评估-多发性骨髓瘤模块（MDASI-MM）使用最为广泛，一些学者使用 EORTC QLQ-MY20 作为量表开发的校准相关物。目前大多数评估工具都是使用经典测量理论方法开发的；未来的研究人员可以结合经典理论测试和项目反应理论来创建科学的评估工具。此外，研究人员根据研究目的选择合适的评估工具。他们可以将高质量的评估工具翻译成不同的语言，并考虑更频繁地将其应用于评估多发性骨髓瘤患者。最后，大多数现有的 PRO 主要集中在测量多发性骨髓瘤患者的生活质量和症状，而对依从性和满意度等结果的研究较少，因此无法全面评估患者的治疗和疾病管理。
研究表明，多发性骨髓瘤领域的 PRO 仍处于探索阶段。仍有必要根据现有工具的优缺点，丰富 PRO 内容，并为多发性骨髓瘤开发更多高质量的 PRO 量表。随着信息技术的成功进步，多发性骨髓瘤患者的 PRO 可以与电子信息系统集成，使患者能够实时报告其健康状况，医生可以跟踪其病情并调整治疗方案，从而改善患者的预后。
