Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India.
Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India.
Indian J Pediatr. 2024 Jun;91(6):556-563. doi: 10.1007/s12098-023-04703-9. Epub 2023 Jun 30.
To generate gestation-wise normative data of external genitalia measurements in North Indian term and preterm male newborns.
This was a hospital-based cross-sectional observational study. Male neonates born between 28-42 wk of gestation (at 24-72 h of life) were consecutively recruited in the study. Newborns with major congenital malformations, chromosomal anomalies, multifetal gestation and birth injuries were excluded. Data on various genital measurements were collected [Stretched penile length (SPL), penile width (PW), upper anogenital distance (AGDu), lower anogenital distance (AGDl) and anogenital ratio (AGR)].
Out of 532 newborns, 208 (39.1%) were preterm. Mean (± SD) SPL and PW were 27.9 ± 3.6 mm and 10.6 ± 1.3 mm respectively. The mean values for AGDl, AGDu and AGR were 20.13 ± 4.04 mm, 39.2 ± 5.59 mm, and 0.51 ± 0.07, respectively. SPL less than 21 mm in a term male newborn and 17.5 mm in preterm should be considered micropenis (<2.5 SD) in our population. Gestation-wise percentile charts for SPL, PW, AGDl, AGDu and AGR were generated.
The reference values and percentile charts generated can serve as local normative data for accurate interpretation of genital measurements in North Indian newborns, assessment of ambiguous genitalia and avoiding diagnostic errors.
生成印度北部足月和早产男婴外生殖器测量值的妊娠期参考值数据。
这是一项基于医院的横断面观察性研究。连续招募胎龄 28-42 周（出生后 24-72 小时）的男性新生儿参与研究。排除有重大先天性畸形、染色体异常、多胎妊娠和分娩损伤的新生儿。收集了各种生殖器测量数据[伸展阴茎长度（SPL）、阴茎宽度（PW）、上生殖器距离（AGDu）、下生殖器距离（AGDl）和生殖器比（AGR）]。
在 532 名新生儿中，208 名（39.1%）为早产儿。平均（±SD）SPL 和 PW 分别为 27.9±3.6mm 和 10.6±1.3mm。AGDl、AGDu 和 AGR 的平均数值分别为 20.13±4.04mm、39.2±5.59mm 和 0.51±0.07。在足月男婴中，SPL 小于 21mm，在早产儿中，SPL 小于 17.5mm，应被认为是小阴茎（低于 2.5 个标准差）。生成了 SPL、PW、AGDl、AGDu 和 AGR 的妊娠期百分位数图表。
生成的参考值和百分位数图表可作为印度北部新生儿生殖器测量值的本地参考数据，用于准确解释生殖器测量值、评估生殖器模糊和避免诊断错误。
