Asafo-Agyei Serwah Bonsu, Ameyaw Emmanuel, Chanoine Jean-Pierre, Nguah Samuel Blay
Department of Child Health, Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, Kumasi, Ghana.
Endocrinology and Diabetes Unit, British Columbia's Children's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC Canada.
Int J Pediatr Endocrinol. 2017;2017:2. doi: 10.1186/s13633-017-0042-1. Epub 2017 Jan 26.
Genital measurements are a useful adjunct in the early detection of various endocrine conditions including hypopituitarism and disorders of sexual differentiation. Standards for genital sizes have been published but racial/ethnic differences exist. This study was done to establish norms for genital sizes in term Ghanaian male newborns.
This was a cross-sectional study of all apparently well full-term newborns of postnatal age < 48 h and birth weight between 2.5 and 4.0 kg delivered at Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital within the study period. Anthropometric and genital parameters were documented for study subjects as well as parental socio-demographic indices.
A total of 644 male newborns were recruited between May and September 2014. The mean penile length (MPL) was 3.3 ± 0.5 cm and the mean penile width (MPW) was 1.05 ± 0.1 cm. An inverse relationship was found between maternal age and MPL (correlation coefficient -0.062, 95% CI -0.121 to -0.002; = 0.04). MPL was also significantly different ( = 0.04) by mode of delivery, with babies delivered by caesarean section having the lowest MPL. MPL correlated positively with both gestational age ( = 0.04) and birth length ( < 0.001), while MPW correlated proportionally with birth weight and length ( < 0.001 for both).
Using the conventional definition of micropenis as stretched penile length (SPL) < 2.5 standard deviation (SD) below the mean and macropenis as an SPL > 2.5 SD, a Ghanaian term newborn may warrant investigation if he has an MPL < 2.1 cm or > 4.4 cm.
生殖器测量对于早期发现包括垂体功能减退和性分化障碍在内的各种内分泌疾病是一项有用的辅助手段。生殖器大小的标准已经公布，但存在种族/民族差异。本研究旨在确定加纳足月男新生儿生殖器大小的规范。
这是一项横断面研究，研究对象为研究期间在Komfo Anokye教学医院出生的所有出生后年龄<48小时、出生体重在2.5至4.0千克之间的外观健康的足月新生儿。记录研究对象的人体测量和生殖器参数以及父母的社会人口统计学指标。
2014年5月至9月共招募了644名男新生儿。平均阴茎长度（MPL）为3.3±0.5厘米，平均阴茎宽度（MPW）为1.05±0.1厘米。发现母亲年龄与MPL之间存在负相关（相关系数-0.062，95%可信区间-0.121至-0.002；P=0.04）。MPL在分娩方式上也有显著差异（P=0.04），剖宫产出生的婴儿MPL最低。MPL与胎龄（P=0.04）和出生身长均呈正相关（P<0.001），而MPW与出生体重和身长呈比例相关（两者P均<0.001）。
按照小阴茎的传统定义，即拉伸阴茎长度（SPL）低于平均值2.5个标准差（SD），大阴茎为SPL>2.5 SD，如果加纳足月新生儿的MPL<2.1厘米或>4.4厘米，则可能需要进行检查。
