Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Avcılar, Istanbul, Türkiye.
Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Avcılar, Istanbul, Türkiye.
J Trace Elem Med Biol. 2023 Sep;79:127246. doi: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2023.127246. Epub 2023 Jun 21.
Mammary tumors are one of the major malignancies seen in cats. Researchers have indicated the similarity between the epidemiological and clinicopathological patterns of feline mammary tumors and human breast cancer (HBC). In recent years, the investigation of trace elements in cancer tissues becomes prevalent in HBC due to the role of these elements in biochemical and physiological processes. This study, it is aimed to evaluate some trace elements in feline mammary tumors according to clinical and pathological findings.
A total of 60 tumoral masses from 16 female cats with mammary tumors were included in the study. The study groups were formed according to histopathology as malignant epithelial tumor (MET; n = 39) and hyperplasia and dysplasia (H&D; n = 21). Copper (Cu), Iron (Fe), Magnesium (Mg), Manganese (Mn), Selenium (Se) and Zinc (Zn) trace elements in mammary tissues were analyzed by using an inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrophotometer.
The mean age and weight of the cats were 11.75 ± 0.75 years and 3.35 ± 0.21 kg; respectively. Eleven of 16 cats were intact whereas the rest of them had been spayed. Metastases were observed in 10 cats. Tissue Mg level in group MET was significantly higher than in group H&D (P < 0.01) while the other elements had not significant differences between the groups. In group MET, analyzed elements were not statistically significant related to the inflammation, ulceration and invasion to the peripheral muscle (P > 0.05). However, tissue Fe level was significantly higher in T2 than in T3 (P < 0.05). The mean levels of tissue Fe, Mg and Mn had significant differences related to histological grading as P < 0.01, P < 0.05 and P < 0.001; respectively. A mild to severe correlation was found between tissue Zn and Se, Cu, Fe, Mg, and Mn levels.
Tissue Mg and some trace elements were evaluated in feline mammary tumours in regard to various clinicopathological parameters. Tissue Mg level was sufficient to differentiate the malignant epithelial tumors from hyperplasia and dysplasia. However, Mn and Se tended to distinguish different tumor types. Tissue Fe, Mg and Mn had significant differences related to histological grading. Also, the Fe level was significantly higher in T2 than in T3 and Zn level tended to be higher in T3 than in T1. It was concluded that Mg, Se, Mn, Fe, Cu and Zn provided useful information on the pathogenesis of feline mammary tumors. Further research is needed on the tissue and serum concentrations of trace elements which may provide valuable information for the disease prognosis.
乳腺肿瘤是猫中常见的主要恶性肿瘤之一。研究人员指出，猫乳腺肿瘤的流行病学和临床病理模式与人乳腺癌（HBC）相似。近年来，由于这些元素在生化和生理过程中的作用，微量元素在癌症组织中的研究在 HBC 中变得流行起来。本研究旨在根据临床和病理发现评估猫乳腺肿瘤中的一些微量元素。
本研究共纳入 16 只患有乳腺肿瘤的雌性猫的 60 个肿瘤肿块。研究组根据组织病理学分为恶性上皮肿瘤（MET；n=39）和增生和发育不良（H&D；n=21）。采用电感耦合等离子体-光学发射光谱仪分析乳腺组织中的铜（Cu）、铁（Fe）、镁（Mg）、锰（Mn）、硒（Se）和锌（Zn）微量元素。
猫的平均年龄和体重分别为 11.75±0.75 岁和 3.35±0.21kg；16 只猫中有 11 只是完整的，其余的都已经绝育。10 只猫有转移。MET 组的组织 Mg 水平明显高于 H&D 组（P<0.01），而其他元素在两组之间无显著差异。在 MET 组中，分析元素与炎症、溃疡和外周肌肉浸润无统计学意义（P>0.05）。然而，T2 期的组织 Fe 水平明显高于 T3 期（P<0.05）。组织 Fe、Mg 和 Mn 的平均水平与组织学分级有显著差异，P<0.01、P<0.05 和 P<0.001；分别。组织 Zn 和 Se、Cu、Fe、Mg 和 Mn 之间存在轻度至重度相关性。
本研究评估了猫乳腺肿瘤中不同临床病理参数下的组织 Mg 和一些微量元素。组织 Mg 水平足以将恶性上皮肿瘤与增生和发育不良区分开来。然而，Mn 和 Se 倾向于区分不同的肿瘤类型。组织 Fe、Mg 和 Mn 与组织学分级有显著差异。此外，T2 期的组织 Fe 水平明显高于 T3 期，而 T3 期的 Zn 水平倾向于高于 T1 期。结论认为，Mg、Se、Mn、Fe、Cu 和 Zn 为猫乳腺肿瘤的发病机制提供了有用的信息。需要进一步研究组织和血清中微量元素的浓度，这可能为疾病预后提供有价值的信息。
