Department of Biochemistry and Metabolism, John Innes Centre, Norwich NR4 7UH, UK.
Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Ruhr University Bochum, D-44801 Bochum, Germany.
J Exp Bot. 2023 Sep 29;74(18):5767-5782. doi: 10.1093/jxb/erad243.
The mineral micronutrients zinc (Zn) and iron (Fe) are essential for plant growth and human nutrition, but interactions between the homeostatic networks of these two elements are not fully understood. Here we show that loss of function of BTSL1 and BTSL2, which encode partially redundant E3 ubiquitin ligases that negatively regulate Fe uptake, confers tolerance to Zn excess in Arabidopsis thaliana. Double btsl1 btsl2 mutant seedlings grown on high Zn medium accumulated similar amounts of Zn in roots and shoots to the wild type, but suppressed the accumulation of excess Fe in roots. RNA-sequencing analysis showed that roots of mutant seedlings had relatively higher expression of genes involved in Fe uptake (IRT1, FRO2, and NAS) and in Zn storage (MTP3 and ZIF1). Surprisingly, mutant shoots did not show the transcriptional Fe deficiency response which is normally induced by Zn excess. Split-root experiments suggested that within roots the BTSL proteins act locally and downstream of systemic Fe deficiency signals. Together, our data show that constitutive low-level induction of the Fe deficiency response protects btsl1 btsl2 mutants from Zn toxicity. We propose that BTSL protein function is disadvantageous in situations of external Zn and Fe imbalances, and formulate a general model for Zn-Fe interactions in plants.
矿物质微量元素锌(Zn)和铁(Fe)对植物生长和人类营养至关重要,但这两种元素的体内平衡网络之间的相互作用尚未完全了解。在这里,我们表明,编码部分冗余 E3 泛素连接酶的 BTSL1 和 BTSL2 的功能丧失,该酶负调控铁的摄取,使拟南芥对锌过量具有耐受性。在高锌培养基上生长的 btsl1 btsl2 双突变体幼苗在根和茎中积累的锌量与野生型相似,但抑制了根中过量铁的积累。RNA-seq 分析表明,突变体幼苗的根中与铁摄取(IRT1、FRO2 和 NAS)和锌储存(MTP3 和 ZIF1)相关的基因表达相对较高。令人惊讶的是,突变体的茎没有表现出通常由锌过量诱导的转录铁缺乏反应。分根实验表明,在根中,BTSL 蛋白在系统性缺铁信号的下游局部起作用。总之,我们的数据表明,铁缺乏反应的组成性低水平诱导使 btsl1 btsl2 突变体免受锌毒性的影响。我们提出 BTSL 蛋白的功能在外部锌和铁失衡的情况下是不利的,并为植物中的锌-铁相互作用制定了一个一般模型。