Mourkani Razieh Shams, Kohan Shahnaz, Mohebbi-Dehnavi Zahra, Shaghaghi Fatemeh, Najiabhary Maryam, Gholami Mahboobe
M.Sc. of Midwifery, Student Research Committee, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
Department of Midwifery and Reproductive Health, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Nursing and Midwifery Care Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
J Educ Health Promot. 2023 Apr 28;12:135. doi: 10.4103/jehp.jehp_36_22. eCollection 2023.
Autism is a group of developmental disorders of the nervous system, the main manifestations of which are defects in social interactions and communication, as well as repetitive behaviors and limited interests. The etiology of autism is not limited to a single factor. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare the relationship between pregnancy and childbirth factors and autism in healthy children and children with autism.
The present study was a cross-sectional study that was performed on 200 children in Isfahan in 2021. The instrument in this study was a researcher-made questionnaire. The collected data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 22 software.
The results of data analysis between the two groups with Mann-Whitney test showed that there was a significant relationship between maternal age at delivery, father's age at delivery, gestational age at delivery, interval between pregnancies, and the length of hospital stay ( ≤ 0.05). Also, the results of data analysis with Chi-squared test showed that there is a significant relationship between the two groups in terms of economic status, place of residence, multiple pregnancies, neonatal sex, and disease in infancy ( ≤ 0.05).
The results of this study showed that economic status, place of residence, multiple pregnancies, sex of the baby, and disease in infancy can be effective factors for this disease. According to the results of the study, by considering the factors related to autism, many cases can be adjusted and corrected as much as possible before attempting to conceive.
自闭症是一组神经系统发育障碍，其主要表现为社交互动和沟通缺陷，以及重复行为和兴趣有限。自闭症的病因不限于单一因素。因此，本研究的目的是比较健康儿童和自闭症儿童的妊娠及分娩因素与自闭症之间的关系。
本研究为横断面研究，于2021年在伊斯法罕对200名儿童进行。本研究使用的工具是研究者自制的问卷。收集的数据使用社会科学统计软件包（SPSS）22版软件进行分析。
两组间的数据分析结果经曼-惠特尼检验显示，分娩时母亲年龄、父亲年龄、分娩时孕周、妊娠间隔和住院时间之间存在显著关系（P≤0.05）。此外，卡方检验的数据分析结果显示，两组在经济状况、居住地、多胎妊娠、新生儿性别和婴儿期疾病方面存在显著关系（P≤0.05）。
本研究结果表明，经济状况、居住地、多胎妊娠、婴儿性别和婴儿期疾病可能是该疾病的影响因素。根据研究结果，通过考虑与自闭症相关的因素，在尝试受孕前可以尽可能多地调整和纠正许多情况。
