The George Institute for Global Health-China, Beijing, China.
Key Laboratory of Trace Element Nutrition of the National Health Commission, National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 29 Nanwei Road, Beijing, 100050, China.
Bull World Health Organ. 2023 Jul 1;101(7):453-469. doi: 10.2471/BLT.23.289992. Epub 2023 May 15.
To determine the contribution of pre-packaged foods to population sodium intake in China, and to propose sodium content targets for food subcategories used for the World Health Organization's (WHO's) global sodium benchmarks.
The impact of four different approaches to reducing the sodium content of pre-packaged foods on population sodium intake was estimated using data from national databases covering the nutrient content and ingredients of 51 803 food products and food consumption by 15 670 Chinese adults. We recategorized food products using a food categorization framework developed for WHO's global sodium benchmarks and adapted for China-specific foods.
Pre-packaged foods, including condiments, contributed 1302.5 mg/day of sodium intake per adult in 2021, accounting for 30.1% of population sodium intake in China. Setting maximum sodium content levels using a 90th-percentile target would reduce sodium intake from pre-packaged foods by 96.2 mg/day, corresponding to a 1.9% reduction in population intake. Using the 75th-percentile, a fixed 20% reduction and WHO benchmark targets would further reduce intake by 262.0 mg/day (5.2% population intake), 302.8 mg/day (6.0% population intake) and 701.2 mg/day per person (13.9% population intake), respectively. Maximum sodium content levels based on revised 20% reduction targets were proposed because they should result in substantial and acceptable reductions in sodium content for most food subcategories: overall sodium intake would decline by 305.0 mg/day per person, and population intake by 6.1%.
This study provides the scientific rationale for government policy on setting targets for food sodium content in China. Simultaneous action on discretionary salt use should also be taken.
确定预包装食品对中国人群钠摄入量的贡献，并为世界卫生组织（WHO）全球钠基准所使用的食品亚类提出钠含量目标。
使用涵盖 51803 种食品的营养素含量和成分以及 15670 名中国成年人食物消费的国家数据库数据，估计采用四种不同方法降低预包装食品钠含量对人群钠摄入量的影响。我们使用专门为 WHO 全球钠基准开发并适用于中国特定食品的食品分类框架重新对食品进行分类。
预包装食品（包括调味品）在 2021 年为每个成年人提供了 1302.5mg 的钠摄入量，占中国人群钠摄入量的 30.1%。采用 90%分位数目标设定最大钠含量水平，将使预包装食品的钠摄入量减少 96.2mg/天，相当于人群摄入量减少 1.9%。采用 75%分位数、固定 20%减少量和 WHO 基准目标，将分别进一步减少 262.0mg/天（人群摄入量的 5.2%）、302.8mg/天（人群摄入量的 6.0%）和 701.2mg/天（人群摄入量的 13.9%）。之所以提出基于修订后的 20%减少量目标的最大钠含量水平，是因为它们应该为大多数食品亚类的钠含量大幅减少提供科学依据，同时也是可以接受的：总体钠摄入量将减少 305.0mg/人/天，人群摄入量将减少 6.1%。
本研究为中国政府制定食品钠含量目标的政策提供了科学依据。同时也应采取行动限制随意用盐。
