International Medical Center, Fujita Health University Hospital, 1-98, Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake-cho, Toyoake, 470-1192, Aichi, Japan.
Zikei Hospital, 100-2 Urayasu-honmachi, Minami, Okayama, 702-8508, Okayama, Japan.
J Gambl Stud. 2023 Dec;39(4):1723-1734. doi: 10.1007/s10899-023-10233-y. Epub 2023 Jul 4.
The co-occurrence of gambling disorder (GD) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has been widely reported. In this study, we aimed to investigate the social background, clinical characteristics, and clinical course of initial-visit GD patients with and without ADHD in a Japanese psychiatric hospital. We recruited 40 initial-visit GD patients and collected comprehensive information by self-report questionnaires, direct interviews, and medical records. 27.5% of the GD patients had comorbid ADHD. Compared to the GD patients without ADHD, those with ADHD had significantly higher comorbidity rates of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), lower rates of marriage, slightly less years of education and marginally lower employment rates. On the other hand, the GD patients with ADHD showed higher treatment retention rates and participation rates in the mutual support group. Despite presenting with disadvantageous characteristics, GD patients with ADHD exhibited a more favourable clinical course. Therefore, clinicians should be mindful of the possibility of ADHD comorbidity and the potential for better clinical outcomes among GD patients with ADHD.
赌博障碍（GD）和注意缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）的共病现象已被广泛报道。本研究旨在日本一家精神病院调查初诊 GD 患者中伴有和不伴有 ADHD 的社会背景、临床特征和临床病程。我们招募了 40 名初诊 GD 患者，并通过自报问卷、直接访谈和病历收集了全面的信息。27.5%的 GD 患者存在 ADHD 共病。与不伴有 ADHD 的 GD 患者相比，伴有 ADHD 的患者自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）的共病率显著更高，婚姻率更低，受教育年限略少，就业率略低。另一方面，伴有 ADHD 的 GD 患者的治疗保留率和互助小组参与率更高。尽管表现出不利的特征，但伴有 ADHD 的 GD 患者的临床病程更为有利。因此，临床医生应该注意到 ADHD 共病的可能性，以及 ADHD 共病的 GD 患者可能会有更好的临床结局。
