Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, College of Agriculture and Biology, Guangzhou, China.
Pediatric Department, Shanghai Nanxiang Hospital, Jiading District, Shanghai, China.
J Infect Dev Ctries. 2023 Jun 30;17(6):868-873. doi: 10.3855/jidc.17410.
Influenza is a severe respiratory viral infection that causes significant morbidity and mortality, due to annual epidemics and unpredictable pandemics. With the extensive use of neuraminidase inhibitor (NAI) drugs, the influenza B virus has carried different drug-resistant mutations. Thus, this study aimed to analyze the prevalence of drug-resistant mutations of the influenza B virus.
Near full-length sequences of the neuraminidase (NA) region of all influenza B viruses from January 1, 2006, to December 31, 2018, were downloaded from public databases GISAID and NCBI. Multiple sequence alignments were performed using Clustal Omega 1.2.4 software. Subsequently, phylogenetic trees were constructed by FastTree 2.1.11 and clustered by ClusterPickergui_1.2.3.JAR. Then, the major drug resistance sites and surrounding auxiliary sites were analyzed by Mega-X and Weblogo tools.
Among the amino acid sequences of NA from 2006 to 2018, only Clust04 in 2018 carried a D197N mutation of the NA active site, while other drug resistance sites were conserved without mutation. According to the Weblogo analysis, a large number of N198, S295, K373, and K375 mutations were found in the amino acid residues at the auxiliary sites surrounding D197, N294, and R374.
We found the D197N mutation in Clust04 of the 2018 influenza B virus, with a large number of N198, S295, K373, and K375 mutations in the helper sites around N197, N294, and R374 from 2006 to 2018. NA inhibitors are currently the only kind of specific antiviral agent for the influenza B virus, although these mutations cause mild NAIs resistance.
流感是一种严重的呼吸道病毒感染，由于每年的流行和不可预测的大流行，导致了大量的发病率和死亡率。随着神经氨酸酶抑制剂（NAI）药物的广泛使用，乙型流感病毒已经携带了不同的耐药突变。因此，本研究旨在分析乙型流感病毒耐药突变的流行情况。
从公共数据库 GISAID 和 NCBI 下载了 2006 年 1 月 1 日至 2018 年 12 月 31 日期间所有乙型流感病毒的神经氨酸酶（NA）区域的近全长序列。使用 Clustal Omega 1.2.4 软件进行多序列比对。随后，使用 FastTree 2.1.11 构建系统发育树，并使用 ClusterPickergui_1.2.3.JAR 进行聚类。然后，使用 Mega-X 和 Weblogo 工具分析主要耐药位点和周围辅助位点。
在 2006 年至 2018 年的 NA 氨基酸序列中，只有 2018 年的 Clust04 携带 NA 活性位点的 D197N 突变，而其他耐药位点则保持不变。根据 Weblogo 分析，在辅助位点周围的 N198、S295、K373 和 K375 氨基酸残基上发现了大量的 N198、S295、K373 和 K375 突变。
我们发现 2018 年乙型流感病毒 Clust04 中存在 D197N 突变，在 2006 年至 2018 年期间，在 N197、N294 和 R374 周围的辅助位点上存在大量的 N198、S295、K373 和 K375 突变。神经氨酸酶抑制剂目前是乙型流感病毒唯一的特异性抗病毒药物，尽管这些突变导致轻度的 NAIs 耐药性。
