Ma Yan, Yin Jinjing, Wang Jingyi, Liu Xin, He Jingren, Zhang Rui, Rao Shen, Cong Xin, Xiong Yin, Wu Muci
School of Modern Industry for Selenium Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China.
School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China.
Food Chem. 2023 Nov 30;427:136710. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.136710. Epub 2023 Jun 26.
Cardamine violifolia is a unique selenium (Se)-hyperaccumulating vegetable in China. The total Se content and Se speciation of three edible parts, including flowers, stems, and leaves were detected by HPLC-ICP-MS. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) greatly impact food flavor. The VOCs of three samples were analyzed by E-nose, HS-GC-IMS, and HS-SPME-GC-MS. The results showed that the total Se content in flowers was significantly higher than that in leaves and was the lowest in stems. Organic Se accounts for more than 98% of the total Se content, primarily selenocystine, followed by methyl selenocysteine. A total of 102 VOCs were identified from C. violifolia, mainly esters, aldehydes, alcohols, and ketones. Flowers contained abundant VOCs, while stems and leaves contained fewer but similar profiles. Moreover, multivariate statistical analysis was applied to investigate the VOC variations and marker VOCs. This work can provide useful knowledge for understanding the Se characteristics and flavor of C. violifolia.
碎米荠是中国一种独特的富硒蔬菜。采用高效液相色谱-电感耦合等离子体质谱法（HPLC-ICP-MS）检测了碎米荠花、茎、叶三个可食用部位的总硒含量和硒形态。挥发性有机化合物（VOCs）对食物风味有很大影响。采用电子鼻、顶空-气相色谱-离子迁移谱（HS-GC-IMS）和顶空固相微萃取-气相色谱-质谱联用（HS-SPME-GC-MS）对三个样品的VOCs进行了分析。结果表明，碎米荠花中的总硒含量显著高于叶，茎中的总硒含量最低。有机硒占总硒含量的98%以上，主要是硒代胱氨酸，其次是甲基硒代半胱氨酸。从碎米荠中总共鉴定出102种挥发性有机化合物，主要为酯类、醛类、醇类和酮类。花中含有丰富的挥发性有机化合物，而茎和叶中的挥发性有机化合物较少，但种类相似。此外，还应用多元统计分析研究了挥发性有机化合物的变化和标志性挥发性有机化合物。这项工作可为了解碎米荠的硒特性和风味提供有用的知识。
