Department of Oral Epidemiology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan.
Department of Public Oral Health, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan.
Sci Rep. 2023 Jul 5;13(1):10893. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-37605-z.
This study aimed to clarify the association of daily physical activity and leisure-time exercise with the risk of dysphagia in community-dwelling Japanese older adults using a questionnaire-based survey. We analyzed 3070 participants (1657 men, 1413 women; age 66 ± 4 years [mean ± SD]) of the Shizuoka and Daiko studies within the Japanese Multi-Institutional Collaborative Cohort study. We used the Dysphagia Risk Assessment for the Community-dwelling Elderly questionnaire to assess dysphagia risk and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire to assess daily physical activity and leisure-time exercise. Logistic regression analyses were used to evaluate the independent association of the amount of physical activity and leisure-time exercise with dysphagia risk. The proportion of participants with dysphagia risk was 27.5% (n = 844) and the risk was significantly higher in women (29.8%, n = 421) than in men (25.5%, n = 423; P = 0.008). Daily physical activity was not associated with dysphagia risk. A greater amount of leisure-time exercise was associated with lower dysphagia risk (P for trend = 0.003) and individuals in the highest leisure-time exercise quartile had a significantly lower odds ratio (0.68, 95% CI 0.52-0.89) than those in the lowest quartile, even after adjusting for the covariates.
本研究旨在使用基于问卷的调查，明确社区居住的日本老年人日常身体活动和休闲时间锻炼与吞咽困难风险的关联。我们分析了日本多机构合作队列研究中 Shizuoka 和 Daiko 研究的 3070 名参与者（1657 名男性，1413 名女性；年龄 66±4 岁[均数±标准差]）。我们使用社区居住老年人吞咽困难风险评估问卷评估吞咽困难风险，使用国际体力活动问卷评估日常身体活动和休闲时间锻炼。使用逻辑回归分析评估体力活动和休闲时间锻炼量与吞咽困难风险的独立关联。有吞咽困难风险的参与者比例为 27.5%（n=844），女性（29.8%，n=421）明显高于男性（25.5%，n=423；P=0.008）。日常身体活动与吞咽困难风险无关。更多的休闲时间锻炼与较低的吞咽困难风险相关（趋势 P=0.003），最高休闲时间锻炼四分位数的个体与最低四分位数相比，其比值比显著更低（0.68，95%置信区间 0.52-0.89），即使在调整了协变量后也是如此。
