Univ Rouen Normandie, CETAPS UR 3832, F-76000, Rouen, France.
College of Health, Wellbeing and Life Sciences, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, UK.
Psychon Bull Rev. 2023 Dec;30(6):2011-2029. doi: 10.3758/s13423-023-02319-w. Epub 2023 Jul 5.
Human behavior often involves the use of an object held by or attached to the body, which modifies the individual's action capabilities. Moreover, most everyday behaviors consist of sets of behaviors that are nested over multiple spatial and temporal scales, which require perceiving and acting on nested affordances for the person-plus-object system. This systematic review investigates how individuals attune to information about affordances involving the person-plus-object system and how they (re)calibrate their actions to relevant information. We analyzed 71 articles-34 on attunement and 37 on (re)calibration with healthy participants-that experimentally investigated the processes involved in the perception of affordances for the person-plus-object system (including attunement, calibration, and recalibration). With respect to attunement, objects attached to the body create a multiplicity of affordances for the person-plus-object system, and individuals learned (1) to detect information about affordances of (and for) the person-plus-object system in a task and (2) to choose whether, when, and how to exploit those affordances to perform that task. Concerning (re)calibration, individuals were able (1) to quickly scale their actions in relation to the (changed) action capabilities of the person-plus-object system and (2) to perceive multiple functionally equivalent ways to exploit the affordances of that system, and these abilities improved with practice. Perceiving affordances for the person-plus-object system involves learning to detect the information about such affordances (attunement) and the scaling of behaviors to such information (calibration). These processes imply a general ability to incorporate an object attached to the body into an integrated person-plus-object system.
人类行为通常涉及使用身体所持有或附着的物体，这会改变个体的行动能力。此外，大多数日常行为都由多组嵌套在多个时空尺度上的行为组成，这需要感知和作用于人与物体系统的嵌套可供性。本系统评价研究了个体如何适应涉及人与物体系统的可供性信息，以及他们如何（重新）调整自己的行为以适应相关信息。我们分析了 71 篇文章——34 篇关于适应的文章和 37 篇关于（重新）校准的文章，这些文章都是以健康参与者为对象，对涉及人与物体系统可供性感知的过程进行实验研究（包括适应、校准和重新校准）。关于适应，附着在身体上的物体为人与物体系统创造了多种可供性，个体学会了（1）在任务中检测有关人与物体系统可供性的信息，（2）选择是否、何时以及如何利用这些可供性来执行该任务。关于（重新）校准，个体能够（1）快速调整与人与物体系统的（变化）行动能力相关的行为，（2）感知到多种功能等效的方式来利用该系统的可供性，这些能力随着练习而提高。感知人与物体系统的可供性涉及学习检测有关此类可供性的信息（适应）以及根据此类信息调整行为（校准）。这些过程意味着一种将附着在身体上的物体纳入集成的人与物体系统的通用能力。
