Brand Milou Tessa, de Oliveira Rita Ferraz
Sport and Exercise Science Research Centre, School of Applied Sciences, London South Bank University, 103 Borough Rd., SE1 0AA London, United Kingdom.
Sport and Exercise Science Research Centre, School of Applied Sciences, London South Bank University, 103 Borough Rd., SE1 0AA London, United Kingdom.
Hum Mov Sci. 2017 Dec;56(Pt B):54-70. doi: 10.1016/j.humov.2017.10.020.
Skilled actions are the result of a perceptual-motor system being well-calibrated to the appropriate information variables. Changes to the perceptual or motor system initiates recalibration, which is the rescaling of the perceptual-motor system to informational variables. For example, a professional baseball player may need to rescale their throws due to fatigue. The aim of this systematic review is to analyse how recalibration can and has been measured and also to evaluate the literature on recalibration. Five databases were systematically screened to identify literature that reported experiments where a disturbance was applied to the perceptual-motor system in functional perceptual-motor tasks. Each of the 91 experiments reported the immediate effects of a disturbance and/or the effects of removing that disturbance after recalibration. The results showed that experiments applied disturbances to either perception or action, and used either direct or indirect measures of recalibration. In contrast with previous conclusions, active exploration was only sufficient for fast recalibration when the relevant information source was available. Further research into recalibration mechanisms should include the study of information sources as well as skill expertise.
熟练动作是感知运动系统针对适当信息变量进行良好校准的结果。感知或运动系统的变化会启动重新校准，即感知运动系统针对信息变量进行重新缩放。例如，一名职业棒球运动员可能由于疲劳而需要重新调整他们的投球动作。本系统综述的目的是分析重新校准如何以及已经如何被测量，同时评估关于重新校准的文献。系统检索了五个数据库，以识别报告了在功能性感知运动任务中对感知运动系统施加干扰的实验的文献。91项实验中的每一项都报告了干扰的即时效应和/或重新校准后消除该干扰的效应。结果表明，实验对感知或动作施加干扰，并使用直接或间接的重新校准测量方法。与之前的结论相反，只有当相关信息源可用时，主动探索才足以实现快速重新校准。对重新校准机制的进一步研究应包括对信息源以及技能专长的研究。
