Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.
Vanderbilt Institute for Infection, Immunology, and Inflammation, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.
Mol Microbiol. 2023 Oct;120(4):547-554. doi: 10.1111/mmi.15117. Epub 2023 Jul 5.
First row d-block metal ions serve as vital cofactors for numerous essential enzymes and are therefore required nutrients for all forms of life. Despite this requirement, excess free transition metals are toxic. Free metal ions participate in the production of noxious reactive oxygen species and mis-metalate metalloproteins, rendering enzymes catalytically inactive. Thus, bacteria require systems to ensure metalloproteins are properly loaded with cognate metal ions to maintain protein function, while avoiding metal-mediated cellular toxicity. In this perspective we summarize the current mechanistic understanding of bacterial metallocenter maturation with specific emphasis on metallochaperones; a group of specialized proteins that both shield metal ions from inadvertent reactions and distribute them to cognate target metalloproteins. We highlight several recent advances in the field that have implicated new classes of proteins in the distribution of metal ions within bacterial proteins, while speculating on the future of the field of bacterial metallobiology.
第一行 d 族金属离子是许多必需酶的重要辅助因子，因此是所有生命形式必需的营养物质。尽管有这种需求，但过多的游离过渡金属是有毒的。游离金属离子参与产生有害的活性氧物种，并使金属蛋白错误配位，使酶失去催化活性。因此，细菌需要有系统来确保金属蛋白正确地与同源金属离子结合，以维持蛋白质功能，同时避免金属介导的细胞毒性。在这篇观点文章中，我们总结了目前对细菌金属中心成熟的机制理解，特别强调了金属伴侣蛋白；这是一组专门的蛋白质，既能防止金属离子发生意外反应，又能将其分配给同源靶金属蛋白。我们强调了该领域的几项最新进展，这些进展表明在细菌蛋白中，新的蛋白质类别参与了金属离子的分布，并推测了细菌金属生物学领域的未来。
