Department of Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, Professorship of Epidemiology and Public Health, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany.
Institute of Social Medicine and Health Systems Research, Otto-von-Guericke Universität Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany.
Photodermatol Photoimmunol Photomed. 2023 Nov;39(6):589-597. doi: 10.1111/phpp.12898. Epub 2023 Jul 6.
Sunburn can increase one's risk of developing skin cancer. We aimed to quantify the prevalence of sunburn during recreational outdoor sport (ROS) in summer, to explore the use of different sun protection measures, and to examine factors associated with sunburn during ROS using a population-based sample from Germany.
For this cross-sectional study, 2081 individuals aged 16-65 years who reported being engaged in ROS in summer were surveyed via standardized telephone interviews in 2020 (National Cancer Aid Monitoring, NCAM).
Overall, 16.7% reported experiencing at least one sunburn during ROS in the past twelve months. Sunburn occurrence was negatively associated with the age of the participants (e.g. OR = 0.49 in 56-65 year-olds, p < .001), and positively associated with skin type I/II (OR = 1.55, p < .001) and with having a higher number of nevi (OR = 1.42, p = .005). While wearing sleeved shirts was the most frequently-used sun protection measure during ROS (74.9%), wearing headgear was least common in our sample (29.0%). In multivariate analyses, sunburn was positively associated with the use of sun protection measures (e.g. OR = 1.32 for wearing sleeved shirts, p = .02).
Our nationwide data show that ROS is one of the settings where sun protection should play a greater role. Especially in organized sports, particular attention should be devoted to organizational (e.g. exercise outside peak hours) or contextual measures (e.g. shade by the natural or built environment) to prevent skin cancer in later life.
晒伤会增加患皮肤癌的风险。我们旨在量化夏季休闲户外运动（ROS）中晒伤的患病率，探讨不同防晒措施的使用情况，并使用德国的基于人群的样本研究与 ROS 中晒伤相关的因素。
在这项横断面研究中，2020 年通过标准化电话访谈对报告在夏季从事 ROS 的 2081 名 16-65 岁个体进行了调查（国家癌症援助监测，NCAM）。
总体而言，16.7%的人报告在过去 12 个月中至少在 ROS 中经历过一次晒伤。晒伤的发生与参与者的年龄呈负相关（例如，56-65 岁年龄组的 OR=0.49，p<0.001），与皮肤类型 I/II 呈正相关（OR=1.55，p<0.001），与痣的数量较多呈正相关（OR=1.42，p=0.005）。虽然在 ROS 期间穿着长袖衬衫是最常用的防晒措施（74.9%），但在我们的样本中，戴帽子的情况最少（29.0%）。在多变量分析中，使用防晒措施与晒伤呈正相关（例如，穿长袖衬衫的 OR=1.32，p=0.02）。
我们的全国性数据表明，ROS 是防晒措施应发挥更大作用的环境之一。特别是在有组织的运动中，应特别注意组织（例如，在高峰时间之外进行锻炼）或环境措施（例如，自然或人为环境中的阴凉处），以预防日后发生皮肤癌。
