College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, 330009, China.
Center for Balance Architecture, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, 330009, China.
Int J Biometeorol. 2023 Aug;67(8):1279-1290. doi: 10.1007/s00484-023-02469-5. Epub 2023 Jul 6.
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the number one health threat globally. Adverse indoor thermal environments are associated with excess mortality caused by CVDs in the cold season. While many studies have focused on the impact of indoor temperature on CVDs, none has considered the fluctuation of indoor temperature. To quantify the effect of indoor temperature on blood pressure and the effect of indoor temperature fluctuation on blood pressure variability (BPV), 172 middle-aged and elderly people in areas that experience both hot summers and cold winters in China completed a household survey regarding their characteristics and living habits. A hierarchical linear model (HLM) was used to analyze the impact of indoor temperature on home blood pressure. A multiple linear model was used to analyze the effect of indoor temperature fluctuation on day-to-day home blood pressure variability. The results showed that there was a significant negative correlation between morning temperature below 18 °C and blood pressure, especially systolic blood pressure (SBP). At the same time, morning temperature fluctuations have an independent influence on BPV, and a deviation of morning temperature fluctuation greater than 1.1 °C significantly increased BPV. Morning temperature and its fluctuation threshold for the rise of SBP and its variability of middle-aged and elderly people were clarified, which can provide a basis for the design, operation, and evaluation of residential thermal environmental health performance for the middle-aged and elderly population in this area, thereby reducing the cardiovascular health risk of the corresponding population.
心血管疾病 (CVDs) 是全球头号健康威胁。不利的室内热环境与寒冷季节 CVD 导致的超额死亡率有关。虽然许多研究都集中在室内温度对 CVD 的影响上，但没有研究考虑室内温度的波动。为了量化室内温度对血压的影响以及室内温度波动对血压变异性 (BPV) 的影响，中国夏热冬冷地区的 172 名中老年居民完成了一项关于其特征和生活习惯的家庭调查。使用分层线性模型 (HLM) 分析室内温度对家庭血压的影响。使用多元线性模型分析室内温度波动对日常家庭血压变异性的影响。结果表明，18°C 以下的早晨温度与血压，尤其是收缩压 (SBP) 呈显著负相关。同时，早晨温度波动对 BPV 有独立影响，早晨温度波动超过 1.1°C 会显著增加 BPV。明确了中老年人 SBP 升高及其变异性的早晨温度和波动阈值，可为该地区中老年人居住热环境健康性能的设计、运行和评价提供依据，从而降低相应人群的心血管健康风险。
