Dikmen S, McLean A, Temkin N R, Wyler A R
Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 1986 Aug;67(8):507-13.
Neuropsychologic outcome at one-month postinjury was investigated in a group of 102 adult patients with head injury representing a broad spectrum of severity. A group of friends of the patients with head injury was selected for comparison purposes. A comprehensive battery of measures assessing various abilities determined the adequacy of neuropsychological functions. Results support the following conclusions: head injury is associated with early deficits observable on measures assessing a broad spectrum of functions, ranging from simple to complex and motoric to abstraction skills; use of appropriate control groups is essential for determining head injury related deficits; the degree of neuropsychologic deficits depends on the severity of head injury; and the severity indices of time to following commands and depth of coma relate more closely and systematically to adequacy of one-month neuropsychologic outcome than does retrospectively assessed posttraumatic amnesia.
对102名成年颅脑损伤患者进行了研究，这些患者损伤严重程度范围广泛，旨在调查伤后1个月时的神经心理学结果。选取了一组颅脑损伤患者的朋友作为对照组。通过一系列综合测量手段评估各种能力，以确定神经心理功能是否正常。结果支持以下结论：颅脑损伤与早期功能缺陷相关，这些缺陷可在评估从简单到复杂、从运动技能到抽象技能等广泛功能的测量中观察到；使用适当的对照组对于确定与颅脑损伤相关的缺陷至关重要；神经心理缺陷的程度取决于颅脑损伤的严重程度；与创伤后遗忘症的回顾性评估相比，执行指令时间和昏迷深度的严重程度指标与伤后1个月神经心理学结果的充分性之间的关联更为紧密和系统。
