Laboratorio de Morfología Molecular, Unidad de Posgrado, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México 11340, Mexico.
Laboratorio de Virología Clínica y Experimental, Unidad de Investigación en Enfermedades Infecciosas, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, Ciudad de México 06720, Mexico.
Int J Mol Med. 2023 Aug;52(2). doi: 10.3892/ijmm.2023.5275. Epub 2023 Jul 7.
Epstein‑Barr virus (EBV) is an oncovirus associated with various neoplasms, including breast cancer (BC). EBV‑associated oncogenesis requires the action of several viral molecules, such as EBV nuclear antigen 3C, latent membrane protein 1, microRNAs and long non‑coding RNAs, which are able of manipulating the cellular machinery, inducing an evasion of the immune system, blocking apoptosis processes, promoting cell survival and metastasis. The risk of developing cancer is associated with epigenetic alterations and alterations in various signaling pathways. The activation of all these molecules can modify the expression of EBV proteins with oncogenic activity, influencing the oncogenic process. It is clear that BC, being multifactorial, presents a greater complexity; in numerous cases, the infection associated with EBV may be crucial for this neoplasia, if particular conditions for both the virus and host are present. In the present review, all these variables are analyzed in an aim to improve the understanding of the participation of EBV in BC.
EB 病毒（EBV）是一种与多种肿瘤相关的致癌病毒，包括乳腺癌（BC）。EBV 相关的致癌作用需要几种病毒分子的共同作用，如 EBV 核抗原 3C、潜伏膜蛋白 1、microRNAs 和长非编码 RNA，这些分子能够操纵细胞机制，诱导免疫系统逃避、阻止细胞凋亡、促进细胞存活和转移。发生癌症的风险与表观遗传改变和各种信号通路改变有关。所有这些分子的激活都可以改变具有致癌活性的 EBV 蛋白的表达，从而影响致癌过程。显然，BC 是一种多因素疾病，具有更大的复杂性；在许多情况下，与 EBV 相关的感染可能对这种肿瘤至关重要，如果病毒和宿主都存在特定条件的话。在本综述中，分析了所有这些变量，旨在提高对 EBV 在 BC 中的参与的理解。
