Private Practice, New York, New York.
Regenerative Health Research Laboratory, Kornberg School of Dentistry, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Department of Endodontology, Kornberg School of Dentistry, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
J Endod. 2023 Sep;49(9):1099-1105. doi: 10.1016/j.joen.2023.06.019. Epub 2023 Jul 7.
Maintaining apical patency has been advocated to minimize canal transportation, ledge formation, and loss of working length, despite increasing debris extrusion. A previous study in 1997 by Cailleteau and Mullaney reported 50% of United States dental schools taught patency. This present study aimed to evaluate recent trends in endodontic education in United States dental schools, in relation to the prevalence of maintaining apical patency and examining the primary methods of working length determination, instrumentation, obturation, and temporization.
A survey of 20 questions was distributed to 65 schools via e-mail and was available from July 2021 to September 2021.
Seventy-three percent of the 46 responding schools reported that they teach patency, with 8% of this number reporting that they do so exclusively to endodontic residents. Notably, a significantly lower number of schools reported teaching patency exclusively to endodontic students compared with the Cailleteau and Mullaney study despite a significantly higher percentage of schools teaching patency overall. The most common method used to determine working length was an electronic apex locator at the 0.5 reading. Vortex Blue was the most commonly used file system used by both predoctoral and postdoctoral programs. Lateral condensation was the primary obturation technique taught in predoctoral programs, whereas warm vertical condensation was the primary obturation technique in postdoctoral programs. The study also found that 57% of schools reported using intraorifice barriers, and the most common temporary filling was glass ionomer.
A greater portion of schools teaches patency compared with the previous study in 1997. The data collected in this survey may serve as a baseline for similar studies in the future regarding changes in endodontic education over time.
尽管会增加根管内碎屑的挤出，但保持根尖通畅一直被提倡，以将根管偏移、台阶形成和工作长度丢失最小化。Cailleteau 和 Mullaney 于 1997 年的一项研究报告称，50%的美国牙科学校教授根尖通畅。本研究旨在评估美国牙科学校中根管教育的最新趋势，以评估维持根尖通畅的流行程度，并检查主要的工作长度确定、器械、填充和暂封方法。
通过电子邮件向 65 所学校分发了 20 个问题的调查，并于 2021 年 7 月至 9 月开放。
在 46 所回应的学校中，73%的学校报告说他们教授根尖通畅，其中 8%的学校仅向牙髓学住院医师教授根尖通畅。值得注意的是，尽管报告教授根尖通畅的学校比例明显较高，但与 Cailleteau 和 Mullaney 研究相比，报告专门向牙髓学学生教授根尖通畅的学校比例明显较低。确定工作长度最常用的方法是在 0.5 读数时使用电子根尖定位仪。Vortex Blue 是牙髓学预备课程和研究生课程中最常用的锉系统。侧向加压技术是牙髓学预备课程中教授的主要填充技术，而热垂直加压技术是研究生课程中教授的主要填充技术。研究还发现，57%的学校报告使用根管内屏障，最常用的临时填充物是玻璃离子水门汀。
与 1997 年的先前研究相比，更多的学校教授根尖通畅。本研究中收集的数据可以作为未来关于根管教育随时间变化的类似研究的基线。
