Center for Vaccine Innovation and Access, PATH, 2201 Westlake Ave Suite 200, Seattle, WA 98121, United States.
Maternal, Newborn, Child Health and Nutrition, PATH, 2201 Westlake Ave Suite 200, Seattle, WA 98121, United States.
Vaccine. 2023 Nov 3;41 Suppl 2:S7-S40. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2022.09.081. Epub 2023 Jul 6.
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the predominant cause of acute lower respiratory infection (ALRI) in young children worldwide, yet no licensed RSV vaccine exists to help prevent the millions of illnesses and hospitalizations and tens of thousands of young lives taken each year. Monoclonal antibody (mAb) prophylaxis exists for prevention of RSV in a small subset of very high-risk infants and young children, but the only currently licensed product is impractical, requiring multiple doses and expensive for the low-income settings where the RSV disease burden is greatest. A robust candidate pipeline exists to one day prevent RSV disease in infant and pediatric populations, and it focuses on two promising passive immunization approaches appropriate for low-income contexts: maternal RSV vaccines and long-acting infant mAbs. Licensure of one or more candidates is feasible over the next one to three years and, depending on final product characteristics, current economic models suggest both approaches are likely to be cost-effective. Strong coordination between maternal and child health programs and the Expanded Program on Immunization will be needed for effective, efficient, and equitable delivery of either intervention. This 'Vaccine Value Profile' (VVP) for RSV is intended to provide a high-level, holistic assessment of the information and data that are currently available to inform the potential public health, economic and societal value of pipeline vaccines and vaccine-like products. This VVP was developed by a working group of subject matter experts from academia, non-profit organizations, public private partnerships and multi-lateral organizations, and in collaboration with stakeholders from the WHO headquarters. All contributors have extensive expertise on various elements of the RSV VVP and collectively aimed to identify current research and knowledge gaps. The VVP was developed using only existing and publicly available information.
呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)是全球幼儿急性下呼吸道感染(ALRI)的主要病因,但目前尚无获得许可的 RSV 疫苗可用于预防每年导致数百万人患病、住院和数千名幼儿死亡的疾病。单克隆抗体(mAb)预防措施可用于预防一小部分极高危婴儿和幼儿的 RSV,但目前唯一获得许可的产品不切实际,需要多次给药,而且对于 RSV 疾病负担最大的低收入环境来说成本高昂。目前有一个强大的候选疫苗管线,有朝一日可以预防婴儿和儿科人群的 RSV 疾病,该疫苗管线专注于两种适合低收入环境的有前途的被动免疫方法:针对 RSV 的母亲疫苗和长效婴儿 mAb。在未来一到三年内,有一个或多个候选疫苗获得许可的可能性很大,并且根据最终产品的特点,目前的经济模型表明这两种方法都可能具有成本效益。为了有效、高效和公平地提供这两种干预措施,需要在妇幼保健计划和扩大免疫规划之间进行强有力的协调。本 RSV 疫苗价值概要(VVP)旨在对当前可用于为疫苗和类似疫苗产品的潜在公共卫生、经济和社会价值提供信息和数据进行高层次、全面的评估。该 VVP 由来自学术界、非营利组织、公私合作伙伴关系和多边组织的专题专家工作组制定,并与来自世卫组织总部的利益相关者合作。所有贡献者都在 RSV VVP 的各个方面拥有丰富的专业知识,他们共同旨在确定当前的研究和知识差距。该 VVP 仅使用现有和公开的信息开发。