Research Centre on Health, Quality of Life and Lifestyle in a Geodemographic and Socioeconomic Context (GeoQol), Department of Social Geography and Regional Development, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
Research Centre on Health, Quality of Life and Lifestyle in a Geodemographic and Socioeconomic Context (GeoQol), Department of Social Geography and Regional Development, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.
J Epidemiol Community Health. 2023 Sep;77(9):601-608. doi: 10.1136/jech-2023-220771. Epub 2023 Jul 9.
COVID-19 affected people and countries disproportionately and continues to impact the health of people. The aim is to investigate protective health and socio-geographical factors for post-COVID-19 conditions in adults aged 50 years and older in Europe.
Using longitudinal data from the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe, collected from June to August 2021, protective factors against post-COVID-19 condition among 1909 respondents who self-reported a positive COVID-19 test result were investigated using multiple logistic regression models.
Male adults living outside of Czechia, Poland, Hungary and Slovakia (Visegrad group, V4), who received the COVID-19 vaccination, tertiary or higher education, had a healthy weight (body mass index, BMI 18.5-24.9 kg/m) and no underlying health condition/s, showed protective effects against post-COVID-19 condition. Health inequalities associated with BMI were observed in education attainment and comorbidities, with higher BMI having lower education attainment and higher comorbidities. Health inequality was particularly evident in individuals in V4 with higher obesity prevalence and lower attainment of higher education than those living in other regions in the study.
Our study suggests that healthy weight and higher education attainment are predictors associated with a lower incidence of post-COVID-19 condition. Health inequality associated with education attainment was particularly relevant in V4. Our results highlight health inequality in which BMI was associated with comorbidities and educational attainment. To reduce obesity prevalence among older people with lower education, raising awareness about the risks of obesity and providing assistance in maintaining a healthy weight are needed.
COVID-19 对人和国家的影响不成比例，并且仍在影响人们的健康。本研究旨在调查欧洲 50 岁及以上成年人中与 COVID-19 后状况相关的保护健康和社会地理因素。
使用欧洲健康、老龄化和退休调查的纵向数据，该数据于 2021 年 6 月至 8 月收集，使用多项逻辑回归模型调查了 1909 名自我报告 COVID-19 检测结果呈阳性的受访者中，针对 COVID-19 后状况的保护因素。
居住在捷克共和国、波兰、匈牙利和斯洛伐克以外（维谢格拉德集团，V4）的男性成年人、接受 COVID-19 疫苗接种、接受过高等教育、体重健康（身体质量指数，BMI 18.5-24.9kg/m）且无潜在健康状况/疾病的人，对 COVID-19 后状况具有保护作用。在教育程度和合并症方面观察到与 BMI 相关的健康不平等，BMI 较高的人教育程度较低，合并症较高。在 V4 中，肥胖患病率较高，接受高等教育的比例较低，与其他研究区域的个体相比，这种健康不平等尤为明显。
我们的研究表明，健康体重和较高的教育程度是与 COVID-19 后状况发生率较低相关的预测因素。与教育程度相关的健康不平等在 V4 中尤为重要。我们的研究结果强调了 BMI 与合并症和教育程度相关的健康不平等。为了降低教育程度较低的老年人的肥胖患病率，需要提高对肥胖风险的认识，并提供帮助以保持健康体重。
