Meng Ke, Guo Lidan, Sun Xiangnan
Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, P. R. China.
Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China.
Nanoscale Horiz. 2023 Aug 21;8(9):1132-1154. doi: 10.1039/d3nh00101f.
The advent of spintronics has undoubtedly revolutionized data storage, processing, and sensing applications. Organic semiconductors (OSCs), characterized by long spin relaxation times (>μs) and abundant spin-dependent properties, have emerged as promising materials for advanced spintronic applications. To successfully implement spin-related functions in organic spintronic devices, the four fundamental processes of spin generation, transport, manipulation, and detection form the main building blocks and are commonly in demand. Thereinto, the effective generation of spin polarization in OSCs is a precondition, but in practice, this has not been an easy task. In this context, considerable efforts have been made on this topic, covering novel materials systems, spin-dependent theories, and device fabrication technologies. In this review, we underline recent advances in external spin injection and organic property-induced spin polarization, according to the distinction between the sources of spin polarization. We focused mainly on summarizing and discussing both the physical mechanism and representative research on spin generation in OSCs, especially for various spin injection methods, organic magnetic materials, the chiral-induced spin selectivity effect, and the spinterface effect. Finally, the challenges and prospects that allow this topic to continue to be dynamic were outlined.
自旋电子学的出现无疑给数据存储、处理及传感应用带来了变革。有机半导体（OSCs）具有较长的自旋弛豫时间（>μs）以及丰富的自旋相关特性，已成为先进自旋电子学应用的有前景材料。要在有机自旋电子器件中成功实现与自旋相关的功能，自旋产生、传输、操控和检测这四个基本过程构成了主要基石，且通常是必需的。其中，在有机半导体中有效产生自旋极化是一个前提条件，但实际上，这并非易事。在此背景下，针对这一主题已付出了相当多的努力，涵盖新型材料体系、自旋相关理论及器件制造技术。在本综述中，我们根据自旋极化源的不同，着重介绍了外部自旋注入和有机特性诱导自旋极化方面的最新进展。我们主要致力于总结和讨论有机半导体中自旋产生的物理机制及代表性研究，特别是各种自旋注入方法、有机磁性材料、手性诱导自旋选择性效应以及自旋界面效应。最后，概述了使该主题持续发展的挑战与前景。
