Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.
Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2023 Jun 22;14:1193150. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1193150. eCollection 2023.
Lifestyle changes have made metabolic disorders as one of the major threats to life. Growing evidence demonstrates that obesity and diabetes disrupt the reproductive system by affecting the gonads and the hypothalamus-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis. Apelin, an adipocytokine, and its receptor (APJ) are broadly expressed in the hypothalamus nuclei, such as paraventricular and supraoptic, where gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) is released, and all three lobes of the pituitary, indicating that apelin is involved in the control of reproductive function. Moreover, apelin affects food intake, insulin sensitivity, fluid homeostasis, and glucose and lipid metabolisms. This review outlined the physiological effects of the apelinergic system, the relationship between apelin and metabolic disorders such as diabetes and obesity, as well as the effect of apelin on the reproductive system in both gender. The apelin-APJ system can be considered a potential therapeutic target in the management of obesity-associated metabolic dysfunction and reproductive disorders.
生活方式的改变使代谢紊乱成为主要的生命威胁之一。越来越多的证据表明，肥胖和糖尿病通过影响性腺和下丘脑-垂体-性腺（HPG）轴来扰乱生殖系统。Apelin 是一种脂肪细胞因子，其受体（APJ）广泛表达在下丘脑核，如室旁核和视上核，促性腺激素释放激素（GnRH）在此释放，以及垂体的三个叶，表明 Apelin 参与了生殖功能的控制。此外，Apelin 还影响食物摄入、胰岛素敏感性、体液平衡以及葡萄糖和脂质代谢。本文综述了 Apelin 能系统的生理作用、Apelin 与糖尿病和肥胖等代谢紊乱之间的关系，以及 Apelin 对两性生殖系统的影响。Apelin-APJ 系统可以被认为是肥胖相关代谢功能障碍和生殖障碍管理的潜在治疗靶点。
