Valladares-Garrido Mario J, León-Figueroa Darwin A, Dawson Franccesca M, Burga-Cachay Stefany C, Fernandez-Canani Maria A, Failoc-Rojas Virgilio E, Pereira-Victorio César Johan, Valladares-Garrido Danai, Inga-Berrospi Fiorella
Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru.
Facultad de Medicina Humana, Universidad de San Martín de Porres, Chiclayo, Peru.
Front Psychiatry. 2023 Jun 22;14:1169247. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1169247. eCollection 2023.
The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly affected mental health, with children and adolescents being particularly vulnerable. Evidence on the association between childhood trauma and mental health outcomes in schoolchildren during the pandemic is limited. This study aimed to evaluate this relationship in Chiclayo city, northern Peru, during the second wave of COVID-19.
A cross-sectional secondary data study was conducted, measuring childhood trauma using the Marshall's Trauma Scale, depressive symptomatology (PHQ-9), and anxiety symptomatology (GAD-7). Additional variables assessed were alcohol use (AUDIT), resilience (abbreviated CD-RISC), and socio-educational data. Prevalence ratios were estimated using generalized linear models.
Among 456 participants, 88.2% were female, with a mean age of 14.5 years (SD: 1.33). Depressive symptomatology prevalence was 76.3% (95%CI: 72.14-80.15) and increased by 23% in schoolchildren with childhood trauma (PR: 1.23; 95%CI: 1.10-1.37). Factors positively associated with depressive symptomatology included increasing age, seeking mental health help during the pandemic, and severe family dysfunction. Anxiety symptomatology prevalence was 62.3% (95%CI: 57.65-66.75) and increased by 55% in schoolchildren with childhood trauma (PR: 1.55; 95%CI: 1.31-1.85). Anxiety symptomatology was positively associated with mild, moderate, and severe family dysfunction.
Schoolchildren exposed to childhood trauma are at increased risk for depressive and anxiety symptoms. Monitoring the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on adolescent mental health is vital. These findings can assist schools in establishing effective measures to prevent mental health outcomes.
新冠疫情对心理健康产生了重大影响，儿童和青少年尤其脆弱。关于疫情期间学童童年创伤与心理健康结果之间关联的证据有限。本研究旨在评估秘鲁北部奇克拉约市在新冠疫情第二波期间的这种关系。
开展了一项横断面二次数据研究，使用马歇尔创伤量表、抑郁症状（PHQ - 9）和焦虑症状（GAD - 7）来衡量童年创伤。评估的其他变量包括酒精使用（AUDIT）、心理韧性（简化版CD - RISC）和社会教育数据。使用广义线性模型估计患病率比。
在456名参与者中，88.2%为女性，平均年龄14.5岁（标准差：1.33）。抑郁症状患病率为76.3%（95%置信区间：72.14 - 80.15），有童年创伤的学童中该患病率增加了23%（患病率比：1.23；95%置信区间：1.10 - 1.37）。与抑郁症状呈正相关的因素包括年龄增长、在疫情期间寻求心理健康帮助以及严重的家庭功能障碍。焦虑症状患病率为62.3%（95%置信区间：57.65 - 66.75），有童年创伤的学童中该患病率增加了55%（患病率比：1.55；95%置信区间：1.31 - 1.85）。焦虑症状与轻度、中度和重度家庭功能障碍呈正相关。
遭受童年创伤的学童出现抑郁和焦虑症状的风险增加。监测新冠疫情对青少年心理健康的影响至关重要。这些发现有助于学校制定有效的预防心理健康问题的措施。
