Raudenska Jaroslava, Gumančík Jiří, Raudenský Martin, Pasqualucci Alberto, Moka Eleni, Varrassi Giustino, Paladini Antonella, Javurkova Alena
Department of Nursing, Second Medical Faculty of Charles University, Prague, CZE.
Department of Psychology, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Northumbria in Newcastle, Newcastle upon Tyne, GBR.
Cureus. 2023 Aug 28;15(8):e44249. doi: 10.7759/cureus.44249. eCollection 2023 Aug.
Traumatic life events, such as the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, can be a challenging health emergency, among others. The pandemic can also affect young preschoolers. They can experience negative emotions and behavioral and social difficulties. It can be hard for children to understand on their own what is going on, as well as for their families. This narrative review summarizes the role of psychotherapeutic approaches in working with trauma and aims to manage trauma, such as COVID-19, in preschool children. It focuses on the possibilities of applying cognitive-behavioral play therapy (CBPT) in preschool children who suffer from trauma during the COVID-19 pandemic period. The therapeutic approaches are tailored to specific development in preschoolers. Furthermore, the article provides insights into the relationship between negative emotions, thinking, and behavior, and COVID-19 as a threat, by describing a cognitive model in preschool-aged children. Finally, the article offers possible ways of applying play-based cognitive-behavioral therapy programs in preschool children who are victims of trauma.
诸如持续的新冠疫情等创伤性生活事件，可能是极具挑战性的健康紧急情况，此外还有其他情况。疫情也会影响学龄前儿童。他们可能会经历负面情绪以及行为和社交方面的困难。孩子们自己很难理解正在发生的事情，他们的家人也同样如此。这篇叙述性综述总结了心理治疗方法在应对创伤方面的作用，并旨在管理学龄前儿童所遭受的创伤，如新冠疫情带来的创伤。它重点关注在新冠疫情期间遭受创伤的学龄前儿童中应用认知行为游戏疗法（CBPT）的可能性。这些治疗方法是根据学龄前儿童的特定发育情况量身定制的。此外，本文通过描述学龄前儿童的认知模型，深入探讨了负面情绪、思维和行为与作为一种威胁的新冠疫情之间的关系。最后，本文提供了在遭受创伤的学龄前儿童中应用基于游戏的认知行为治疗项目的可能方法。
