医院急诊科创伤性脑损伤概况——摩尔多瓦共和国的一项回顾性研究
A profile of traumatic brain injury within hospital emergency departments - a retrospective study in the Republic of Moldova.
作者信息
Cociu Svetlana, Cazacu-Stratu Angela, Chiosea Lilia, Rojnoveanu Gheorghe, Cebanu Serghei, Peek-Asa Corinne
机构信息
Department of Preventive Medicine, Nicolae Testemitanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Chisinau, Republic of Moldova.
Valentin Ignatenco Municipal Children Hospital, Chisinau, Republic of Moldova.
出版信息
Open J Prev Med. 2022 Sep;12(9):175-189. doi: 10.4236/ojpm.2022.129013. Epub 2022 Sep 16.
BACKGROUND
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a critical public health and socio-economic problem throughout the world, making epidemiological monitoring of incidence, prevalence, and outcome of TBI necessary. TBI is a major cause of mortality and morbidity in adolescents, young adults, and the elderly, one of the leading causes being road traffic accidents.
METHODS
A retrospective study was conducted among patients with TBI within 2 medical institutions from Chisinau municipality: Emergency Medicine Institute (EMI) and Municipal Children's Hospital (MCH). A questionnaire was applied, completed on the basis of medical records according to the International Classification of Diseases (ICD) 10 codes. The collection period was August, 1 - October 31, 2018. Data were uploaded using the existing electronic data collection tool - Red Cap and analyzed through Microsoft Excel. Data collection was performed by a resident neurosurgery and a scientific researcher. The ethics committee's approval has been obtained.
RESULTS
There have been identified 150 patients: 57 cases (38.5%) of TBI among children and 93 cases (61.5%) among adults aged between 18-73 years old. A large majority (62%) of head injuries were among patients from the urban area (most in adults - 60% and males - 74%). The most common mechanisms of head injury were falls (53.3%) and road traffic injuries (24%), followed by assault (14.7%) and struck by/or against (8%). The distributions by place of occurrence highlighted that most injuries occurred at home (33.4%) and transport area (25.3%). Most head injuries were registered among men 121(81.2%) with a predominance of minor Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) (65.1%), followed by moderate GCS (9.4%), while in women all cases with GCS minor (18.8%).
CONCLUSION
The data obtained could be useful for the hospital administration in managing the necessary resources and for conducting information campaigns among the high-risk groups.
背景
创伤性脑损伤（TBI）是一个全球性的重大公共卫生和社会经济问题，因此有必要对TBI的发病率、患病率和预后进行流行病学监测。TBI是青少年、年轻人和老年人死亡和发病的主要原因之一，其中一个主要原因是道路交通事故。
方法
对来自基希讷乌市两家医疗机构的TBI患者进行了一项回顾性研究：急诊医学研究所（EMI）和市儿童医院（MCH）。采用了一份问卷，该问卷是根据国际疾病分类（ICD）10编码在病历基础上填写的。收集期为2018年8月1日至10月31日。数据使用现有的电子数据收集工具Red Cap上传，并通过Microsoft Excel进行分析。数据收集由一名神经外科住院医师和一名科研人员进行。已获得伦理委员会的批准。
结果
共确定了150例患者：儿童TBI患者57例（38.5%），18至73岁成年人TBI患者93例（61.5%）。绝大多数（62%）头部受伤患者来自市区（成年人中最多——60%，男性——74%）。最常见的头部受伤机制是跌倒（53.3%）和道路交通伤害（24%），其次是袭击（14.7%）和碰撞（8%）。按发生地点分布情况表明，大多数受伤发生在家中（33.4%）和交通区域（25.3%）。大多数头部受伤患者为男性，共121例（81.2%），其中轻度格拉斯哥昏迷量表（GCS）为主（65.1%），其次是中度GCS（9.4%），而女性患者均为轻度GCS（18.8%）。
结论
所获得的数据可能有助于医院管理部门管理所需资源，并在高危人群中开展宣传活动。
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