College of Public Health, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States.
Department of Surgery- Division of Transplantation, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States.
J Med Internet Res. 2023 Jul 10;25:e37140. doi: 10.2196/37140.
Latinx populations are severely underrepresented among organ donors compared with the non-Hispanic White population. The Promotoras de Donación e-learning module was developed to train Latinx lay health educators (ie, promotoras) to discuss deceased organ donation and promote donor designation within their communities.
This paper described the results of 2 studies designed to assess the direct and indirect effects of the module on promotoras' and mature Latinas' organ donation and donor designation knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors.
In partnership with 4 community-based promotoras organizations, we designed 2 nonrandomized, quasiexperimental pragmatic studies to evaluate the Promotoras de Donación e-learning module, with participating promotoras and mature Latinas serving as their own controls. Brief surveys were administered to participating promotoras before and after module completion to assess changes in organ donation knowledge and support and communication confidence (study 1). Promotoras participating in the first study were asked to hold at least 2 group conversations about organ donation and donor designation with mature Latinas (study 2); paper-pencil surveys were completed by all participants before and after the group conversations. Descriptive statistics, means and SDs, and counts and percentages were used as appropriate to categorize the samples. Paired sample 2-tailed t test was used to assess changes in knowledge of and support for organ donation and confidence in discussing donation and promoting donor designation from pre- to posttest.
Overall, 40 promotoras completed this module (study 1). Increases in organ donation knowledge (mean 6.0, SD 1.9 to mean 6.2, SD 2.9) and support (mean 3.4, SD 0.9 to mean 3.6, SD 0.9) were observed from pre- to posttest; however, these changes did not reach statistical significance. A statistically significant increase in communication confidence was found (mean 692.1, SD 232.4 to mean 852.3, SD 139.7; P=.01). The module was well received, with most participants deeming it well organized, presenting new information, and providing realistic and helpful portrayals of donation conversations. A total of 52 group discussions with 375 attendees were led by 25 promotoras (study 2). The trained promotora-led group discussions about organ donation resulted in increased support for organ donation in promotoras and mature Latinas from pre- to posttest. Knowledge of the steps to become an organ donor and belief that the process is easy to perform increased in mature Latinas from pre- to posttest by 30.7% and 15.2%, respectively. In total, 5.6% (21/375) of attendees submitted completed organ donation registration forms.
This evaluation provides preliminary support for the module's direct and indirect effects on organ donation knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors. The need for additional modifications to and future evaluations of the module are discussed.
拉丁裔人群在器官捐献者中的比例严重低于非西班牙裔白人。推广者捐赠电子学习模块是为了培训拉丁裔基层健康教育家（即推广者），以便在他们的社区中讨论已故器官捐献和促进捐赠者指定。
本文描述了两项研究的结果，这些研究旨在评估该模块对推广者和成熟拉丁裔人群的器官捐赠和捐赠者指定知识、态度和行为的直接和间接影响。
我们与 4 个社区推广者组织合作，设计了 2 项非随机、准实验实用主义研究，以评估 Promotoras de Donación 电子学习模块，参与的推广者和成熟拉丁裔人群作为他们自己的对照。在模块完成前后，对参与的推广者进行简短的调查，以评估器官捐赠知识和支持以及沟通信心的变化（研究 1）。参与第一项研究的推广者被要求与成熟拉丁裔人群至少进行 2 次关于器官捐赠和捐赠者指定的小组讨论（研究 2）；所有参与者在小组讨论前后都填写了纸质问卷。适当使用描述性统计、均值和标准差、计数和百分比来对样本进行分类。使用配对样本 2 尾 t 检验评估从预测试到后测试的器官捐赠知识和支持的变化以及讨论捐赠和促进捐赠指定的信心。
共有 40 名推广者完成了该模块（研究 1）。从预测试到后测试，器官捐赠知识（均值 6.0，标准差 1.9 至均值 6.2，标准差 2.9）和支持（均值 3.4，标准差 0.9 至均值 3.6，标准差 0.9）均有所增加；然而，这些变化没有达到统计学意义。沟通信心的显著增加（均值 692.1，标准差 232.4 至均值 852.3，标准差 139.7；P=.01）。该模块受到了好评，大多数参与者认为它组织良好，呈现了新的信息，并对捐赠对话进行了现实和有益的描绘。共有 25 名推广者领导了 52 次小组讨论，有 375 名参与者（研究 2）。经过培训的推广者主导的器官捐赠小组讨论导致从预测试到后测试，推广者和成熟拉丁裔人群对器官捐赠的支持增加。从预测试到后测试，成熟拉丁裔人群对成为器官捐献者的步骤的了解和对该过程易于执行的信念分别增加了 30.7%和 15.2%。共有 5.6%（21/375）的与会者提交了完整的器官捐献登记表格。
这项评估为该模块对器官捐献知识、态度和行为的直接和间接影响提供了初步支持。讨论了对该模块进行额外修改和未来评估的必要性。
