Biozentrum, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland; email:
Annu Rev Neurosci. 2023 Jul 10;46:281-299. doi: 10.1146/annurev-neuro-090922-010618.
In mammals, the activity of neurons in the entorhinal-hippocampal network is modulated by the animal's position and its movement through space. At multiple stages of this distributed circuit, distinct populations of neurons can represent a rich repertoire of navigation-related variables like the animal's location, the speed and direction of its movements, or the presence of borders and objects. Working together, spatially tuned neurons give rise to an internal representation of space, a cognitive map that supports an animal's ability to navigate the world and to encode and consolidate memories from experience. The mechanisms by which, during development, the brain acquires the ability to create an internal representation of space are just beginning to be elucidated. In this review, we examine recent work that has begun to investigate the ontogeny of circuitry, firing patterns, and computations underpinning the representation of space in the mammalian brain.
在哺乳动物中，内嗅皮层-海马网络中的神经元的活动被动物的位置及其在空间中的运动所调节。在这个分布式电路的多个阶段，不同群体的神经元可以代表丰富的导航相关变量，如动物的位置、运动的速度和方向，或边界和物体的存在。协同工作，空间调谐神经元产生空间的内部表示，认知地图，支持动物在世界中导航的能力，并编码和巩固来自经验的记忆。在发育过程中，大脑获得创建空间内部表示的能力的机制才刚刚开始被阐明。在这篇综述中，我们考察了最近的工作，这些工作已经开始研究支持哺乳动物大脑中空间表示的电路、发射模式和计算的个体发生。
