Research Division Intercultural Migration and Care Research, Social Psychiatry at Charité- Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Psychiatric University Clinic of Charité at St. Hedwig Hospital Berlin.
Research Group Social and Transcultural Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.
Curr Opin Psychiatry. 2023 Sep 1;36(5):366-370. doi: 10.1097/YCO.0000000000000886. Epub 2023 Jul 6.
This review will discuss the current development of ethical dilemmas in psychiatry in the care of migrants and refugees. The world is in times of increasing conflicts and disasters, which are leading to increased migration and flight. In dealing with patients, psychiatrists have their own codes of ethics. The purpose of developing codes of ethics is to serve educational and regulatory functions and to provide explicit and visible standards for the professional conduct of psychiatrists.
The codes of ethics are more recognised and required as standards in the form of guiding ethical principles on duties and rights as well as explicit rules. However, in the case of migrants and refugees, ethical principles are suspended in many places, exposing patients to different barriers.
Many National Psychiatric Associations have adopted the World Psychiatric Association or European Psychiatric Association Code of Ethics for Psychiatry. However, migrants and refugees still do not have the same rights and opportunities to access mental healthcare as well as preventive measures and thus equal treatment due to various barriers. Not only is equal treatment suspended in comparison to native patients, but also access to care between migrants and refugees from different regions of origin for various reasons. This invalidates the ethical principles.
本文将讨论在移民和难民的精神科护理中，目前存在的伦理学困境的发展。当前世界正处于冲突和灾难频发的时期，这导致了移民和逃亡人数的增加。在对待患者方面，精神科医生有自己的道德准则。制定道德准则的目的是为了发挥教育和监管功能，并为精神科医生的专业行为提供明确和可见的标准。
道德准则越来越被认可，并以指导责任和权利的伦理原则以及明确规则的形式作为标准。然而，在移民和难民的情况下，许多地方都暂停了伦理原则，使患者面临不同的障碍。
许多国家精神病学协会都采用了世界精神病学协会或欧洲精神病学协会的《精神医学伦理准则》。然而，由于各种障碍，移民和难民在获得精神保健以及预防措施和公平待遇方面，并没有与本地患者相同的权利和机会。不仅与本地患者相比，公平待遇被暂停，而且出于各种原因，来自不同原籍地区的移民和难民之间的护理机会也不平等。这使伦理原则失效。
