Dryburgh Nicole S J, Martin-Storey Alexa, Craig Wendy M, Dirks Melanie A
Department of Psychology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
Department of Psychoéducation, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada.
J Soc Pers Relat. 2023 Jul;40(7):2204-2226. doi: 10.1177/02654075221142631. Epub 2022 Dec 2.
For emerging adults, high-quality friendships can be an important source of companionship and support. The most commonly studied negative interaction between friends is conflict, yet work with youth suggests more serious victimization also occurs in friendship. In the current study, we developed and obtained preliminary psychometric evidence for the Friendship Victimization Scale, a measure that assesses physical, sexual, relational, and verbal forms of victimization in the friendships of emerging adults, as well as coercive and controlling behaviors. Emerging adults ( = 316, = 21.27 years, = 1.47; 60.4% women, 37.0% men; 59.2% White) completed the Friendship Victimization Scale along with measures to examine construct validity. The majority of the sample reported experiencing at least one act of victimization by a friend, and men reported more victimization than did women. Results supported a 2-factor structure, with relational and verbal victimization loading on one factor and physical and sexual victimization and controlling behaviors loading on the other. Cronbach's alphas exceeded .90 for the total score and both subscales. Greater friendship victimization was predicted by negative features in each of a best and a challenging friendship, even after accounting for negative features in a dating relationship, and was unrelated to positive features in any of these relationships. Overall, results indicate that victimization is common in emerging adults' friendships. The findings provide preliminary evidence for the utility of the Friendship Victimization Scale as a measure of this understudied source of risk in the interpersonal lives of emerging adults.
对于刚成年的人来说，高质量的友谊可以成为陪伴和支持的重要来源。朋友之间最常被研究的负面互动是冲突，但针对年轻人的研究表明，友谊中也会发生更严重的受害情况。在本研究中，我们编制了友谊受害量表并获得了初步的心理测量学证据，该量表用于评估刚成年者友谊中身体、性、关系和言语形式的受害情况，以及强制性和控制性的行为。刚成年者（n = 316，M = 21.27岁，SD = 1.47；60.4%为女性，37.0%为男性；59.2%为白人）完成了友谊受害量表以及用于检验结构效度的测量。大多数样本报告称遭受过至少一次来自朋友的受害行为，男性报告的受害情况比女性更多。结果支持了一个双因素结构，关系和言语受害情况加载在一个因素上，身体和性受害情况以及控制行为加载在另一个因素上。总量表和两个分量表的克朗巴哈系数均超过0.90。即使在考虑了恋爱关系中的负面特征之后，最好的友谊和具有挑战性的友谊中的负面特征都能预测更高的友谊受害情况，且与这些关系中的积极特征无关。总体而言，结果表明受害情况在刚成年者的友谊中很常见。这些发现为友谊受害量表作为一种测量刚成年者人际生活中这种研究不足的风险来源的工具的效用提供了初步证据。
