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新兴成年人友谊中的关系解体:方式、时间及原因?

Relationship dissolution in the friendships of emerging adults: How, when, and why?

作者信息

Khullar Thomas H, Kirmayer Miriam H, Dirks Melanie A

机构信息

McGill University, Canada.

出版信息

J Soc Pers Relat. 2021 Nov;38(11):3243-3264. doi: 10.1177/02654075211026015. Epub 2021 Jul 2.

Abstract

Maintaining high-quality friendships is a key predictor of well-being during emerging adulthood, yet factors leading to friendship dissolution-defined here as actions that may decrease friendship quality or end the relationship completely-are poorly understood. Using an open-ended interview paradigm, we elicited 179 emerging adults' (55.9% female; = 20.42, = 1.54; 95.0% full-time university students) description of their behavioral responses to 53 hypothetical vignettes involving challenging situations with same-gender friends. We systematically coded participants' 9,487 verbatim responses, identifying three types of friendship dissolution behaviors: completely ending the friendship, distancing from the friend, or compartmentalizing aspects of the friendship. Examining the occurrence of each response across different types of challenging situations, we found that transgressions by friends were more likely to elicit reported use of distancing and ending strategies. We also began to investigate associations between interpersonal goals and dissolution strategies, finding that stronger endorsement of the goal of asserting oneself was linked to greater odds of reporting ending the friendship, whereas the more participants reported that they would be trying to stay friends, the lower the odds of reporting either ending the relationship or distancing from the friend. Implications for future research on interpersonal processes in friendships are discussed.

摘要

在成年初期,维持高质量的友谊是幸福的关键预测因素,但导致友谊破裂的因素——这里定义为可能降低友谊质量或完全结束关系的行为——却鲜为人知。我们采用开放式访谈范式,收集了179名成年初期个体(55.9%为女性;年龄均值 = 20.42,标准差 = 1.54;95.0%为全日制大学生)对53个假设情景的行为反应描述,这些情景涉及与同性朋友的挑战性情况。我们系统地编码了参与者的9487条逐字记录的回答,识别出三种友谊破裂行为类型:完全结束友谊、与朋友疏远或划分友谊的不同方面。通过考察不同类型挑战性情景中每种反应的出现情况,我们发现朋友的过错更有可能引发报告中使用疏远和结束策略的情况。我们还开始研究人际目标与破裂策略之间的关联,发现对主张自我目标的更强认可与报告结束友谊的更高可能性相关,而参与者报告他们越想努力维持朋友关系,报告结束关系或与朋友疏远的可能性就越低。本文讨论了对未来友谊人际过程研究的启示。

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