Laboratory of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 22 12 Papakyriazi Street, 41222 Larissa, Greece.
Hmathia General Hospital, Veria Hospital Unit, 59132 Veria, Greece.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2023 Jun 28;20(13):6247. doi: 10.3390/ijerph20136247.
Seasonal influenza vaccination (SIV) of health care workers (HCWs) is critical in protecting patients' and HCWs' health. Our objective was to examine HCW SIV coverage and related determinants.
A nationwide cross-sectional questionnaire survey was conducted among HCWs during the first half of 2021. The questionnaire (online or paper-based) included knowledge, attitude and practice questions regarding SIV, COVID-19 vaccines and vaccination.
Out of 6500 questionnaires administered, 2592 were completed (response rate: 39.9%). SIV coverage reached 69.4% (95% CI: 67.6-71.2%) based on self-reported vaccine uptake. Nurses and administrative staff were found to be more skeptical and have lower vaccine acceptance in comparison with physicians (aOR = 0.66 and aQR = 0.59, respectively). Other SIV hesitancy risk factors included working in secondary health care (aOR = 0.59) and working in northern Greece (aQR = 0.66). Determinants for SIV acceptance included being or living with high-risk people due to medical history (aOR = 1.84 and aOR = 1.46, respectively), positive attitudes towards routine vaccinations (aOR: 1.86), knowledge about COVID-19 vaccines (aOR = 1.53) and COVID-19 vaccine uptake (aOR = 3.45). The primary reason for SIV refusal was low risk perception (58.7%).
SIV coverage (2020/2021) was relatively high, but remained far from formal recommendations. Specific occupational groups were skeptical and low-risk perception was the main reason for vaccine refusal. Targeted policies should be developed and enforced.
医护人员（HCWs）季节性流感疫苗接种（SIV）对于保护患者和 HCWs 的健康至关重要。我们的目的是研究 HCW 的 SIV 接种率及其相关决定因素。
2021 年上半年，我们在全国范围内对 HCWs 进行了一项横断面问卷调查。该问卷（在线或纸质）包括有关 SIV、COVID-19 疫苗和接种的知识、态度和实践问题。
在发放的 6500 份问卷中，有 2592 份完成（应答率：39.9%）。根据自我报告的疫苗接种情况，SIV 接种率达到 69.4%（95%CI：67.6-71.2%）。与医生相比，护士和行政人员对疫苗的怀疑程度更高，接受程度更低（aOR=0.66 和 aQR=0.59）。其他 SIV 犹豫的风险因素包括在二级保健机构工作（aOR=0.59）和在希腊北部工作（aQR=0.66）。SIV 接受的决定因素包括因病史而成为或与高危人群接触（aOR=1.84 和 aOR=1.46）、对常规疫苗接种的积极态度（aOR：1.86）、对 COVID-19 疫苗的了解（aOR=1.53）和 COVID-19 疫苗接种（aOR=3.45）。SIV 拒绝的主要原因是低风险感知（58.7%）。
SIV 接种率（2020/2021 年）相对较高，但仍远未达到正式建议。特定职业群体持怀疑态度，低风险感知是拒绝疫苗的主要原因。应制定和实施有针对性的政策。
