医护人员流感和 COVID-19 疫苗接种率 - 美国，2021-22 年。

Influenza and COVID-19 Vaccination Coverage Among Health Care Personnel - United States, 2021-22.

出版信息

MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2022 Oct 21;71(42):1319-1326. doi: 10.15585/mmwr.mm7142a2.

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9590294/

Abstract

The Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) and CDC recommend that all health care personnel (HCP) receive annual influenza vaccination to reduce influenza-related morbidity and mortality among these personnel and their patients (1). ACIP also recommends that all persons aged ≥6 months, including HCP, be vaccinated with COVID-19 vaccines and remain up to date (2,3). During March 29-April 19, 2022, CDC conducted an opt-in Internet panel survey of 3,618 U.S. HCP to estimate influenza vaccination coverage during the 2021-22 influenza season as well as receipt of the primary COVID-19 vaccination series and a booster dose. Influenza vaccination coverage was 79.9% during the 2021-22 season, and 87.3% of HCP reported having completed the primary COVID-19 vaccination series; among these HCP, 67.1% reported receiving a COVID-19 booster dose. Among HCP, influenza, COVID-19 primary series, and COVID-19 booster dose vaccination coverage were lowest among assistants and aides, those working in long-term care (LTC) or home health care settings, and those whose employer neither required nor recommended the vaccines. Overall, employer requirements for influenza and COVID-19 primary series vaccines were reported by 43.9% and 59.9% of HCP, respectively; among HCP who completed the primary series of COVID-19 vaccines, 23.5% reported employer requirements for COVID-19 booster vaccines. Vaccination coverage for all three vaccine measures was higher among HCP who reported employer vaccination requirements and ranged from 95.8% to 97.3% for influenza, 90.2% to 95.1% for COVID-19 primary series, and 76.4% to 87.8% for COVID-19 booster vaccinations among HCP who completed the primary series of COVID-19 vaccines, by work setting. Implementing workplace strategies demonstrated to improve vaccination coverage among HCP, including vaccination requirements or active promotion of vaccination, can increase influenza and COVID-19 vaccination coverage among HCP and reduce influenza and COVID-19-related morbidity and mortality among HCP and their patients (4).

摘要

免疫实践咨询委员会（ACIP）和疾病预防控制中心建议所有医护人员（HCP）每年接种流感疫苗，以降低这些人员及其患者的流感相关发病率和死亡率（1）。ACIP 还建议所有 6 个月以上的人，包括 HCP，接种 COVID-19 疫苗并保持最新状态（2,3）。2022 年 3 月 29 日至 4 月 19 日，疾病预防控制中心对 3618 名美国 HCP 进行了一项选择加入的互联网小组调查，以估计 2021-22 流感季节的流感疫苗接种率，以及初级 COVID-19 疫苗系列和加强针的接种情况。2021-22 季节的流感疫苗接种率为 79.9%，87.3%的 HCP 报告已完成初级 COVID-19 疫苗系列接种；在这些 HCP 中，67.1%报告已接种 COVID-19 加强针。在 HCP 中，助理和助手、在长期护理（LTC）或家庭保健环境中工作的人员以及其雇主既不要求也不建议接种疫苗的人员的流感、COVID-19 初级系列和 COVID-19 加强针疫苗接种率最低。总体而言，分别有 43.9%和 59.9%的 HCP 报告其雇主对流感和 COVID-19 初级系列疫苗有要求；在完成 COVID-19 疫苗初级系列接种的 HCP 中，23.5%报告其雇主要求接种 COVID-19 加强针疫苗。所有三种疫苗措施的接种率在报告雇主接种要求的 HCP 中较高，范围在流感疫苗接种率为 95.8%至 97.3%、COVID-19 初级系列疫苗接种率为 90.2%至 95.1%、COVID-19 加强针疫苗接种率为 76.4%至 87.8%，按工作地点划分。实施已证明可提高 HCP 疫苗接种率的工作场所策略，包括接种要求或积极推广疫苗接种，可以提高 HCP 的流感和 COVID-19 疫苗接种率，并降低 HCP 及其患者的流感和 COVID-19 相关发病率和死亡率（4）。