Domrazek Kinga, Pawłowski Karol, Jurka Piotr
Department of Small Animal Diseases and Clinic, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Nowoursynowska 159c, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland.
Department of Pathology and Veterinary Diagnostics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Nowoursynowska 159c, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland.
Cancers (Basel). 2023 Jun 30;15(13):3452. doi: 10.3390/cancers15133452.
Prostate cancer represents the most common male urologic neoplasia. Tissue biopsies are the gold standard in oncology for diagnosing prostate cancer. We conducted a study to find the most reliable and noninvasive diagnostic tool. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of two biomarkers which we believe are the most interesting: BRCA (BRCA1 and 2) and ctDNA. Our systematic research yielded 248 articles. Forty-five duplicates were first excluded and, upon further examination, a further 203 articles were excluded on the basis of the inclusion and exclusion criteria, leaving 25 articles. A statistical analysis of the obtained data has been performed. With a collective calculation, BRCA1 was expressed in 2.74% of all cases from 24,212 patients examined and BRCA2 in 1.96% of cases from 20,480 patients. In a total calculation using ctDNA, it was observed that 89% of cases from 1198 patients exhibited high expression of circulating tumor DNA. To date, no ideal PCa biomarker has been found. Although BRCA1 and BRCA2 work well for breast and ovarian cancers, they do not seem to be reliable for prostate cancer. ctDNA seems to be a much better biomarker; however, there are few studies in this area. Further studies need to be performed.
前列腺癌是男性最常见的泌尿系统肿瘤。组织活检是肿瘤学中诊断前列腺癌的金标准。我们开展了一项研究以寻找最可靠且非侵入性的诊断工具。我们对两种我们认为最具研究价值的生物标志物进行了系统评价和荟萃分析：BRCA（BRCA1和2）以及循环肿瘤DNA（ctDNA）。我们的系统研究共检索到248篇文章。首先排除了45篇重复文章，进一步审查后，根据纳入和排除标准又排除了203篇文章，最终留下25篇文章。对所获数据进行了统计分析。汇总计算显示，在接受检查的24212例患者中，2.74%的病例表达BRCA1，在20480例患者中，1.96%的病例表达BRCA2。在使用ctDNA的总体计算中，观察到1198例患者中有89%的病例循环肿瘤DNA表达较高。迄今为止，尚未找到理想的前列腺癌生物标志物。尽管BRCA1和BRCA2对乳腺癌和卵巢癌效果良好，但它们对前列腺癌似乎并不可靠。ctDNA似乎是一种更好的生物标志物；然而，该领域的研究较少。需要进一步开展研究。
