社会支持与对生活和生存的承诺：晚年随时间变化的双向关联。
Social Support and Commitment to Life and Living: Bidirectional Associations in Late Life over Time.
作者信息
Carmel Sara, O'Rourke Norm, Tovel Hava, Raveis Victoria H, Antler Naama, Cohn-Schwartz Ella
机构信息
Center for Multidisciplinary Research in Aging, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Be'er Sheva 8410501, Israel.
Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Community Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Be'er Sheva 8410501, Israel.
出版信息
Healthcare (Basel). 2023 Jul 7;11(13):1965. doi: 10.3390/healthcare11131965.
OBJECTIVES
This study aims to enhance the understanding of longitudinal associations between two important facets of well-being in late life: social support and commitment to life and living (CTL).
METHODS
Structured home interviews were conducted with 824 Israelis ≥75 years of age, with three annual data collection timepoints. We hypothesized and tested a cross-lagged, longitudinal structural equation model (SEM) in which CTL and social support were assumed to predict each other over time, covarying for previously reported CTL and social support.
RESULTS
Social support has a positive, contemporaneous effect, predicting commitment to living at T1 and T3, while CTL predicts social support the following year (i.e., T1-T2 & T2-T3). Satisfaction with relationships significantly contributes to measurement of both latent constructs at each point of data collection.
DISCUSSION
Commitment to life and living and social support are intertwined phenomena. Whereas social support has a concomitant effect on CTL, the effect of CTL on social support emerges over time. This suggests that greater social support fosters greater CTL, leading older adults to nurture social networks and relationships; the effect of which is greater social support in the future. The implications of these results warrant further research over longer periods and across cultures.
目的
本研究旨在加深对晚年幸福两个重要方面之间纵向关联的理解：社会支持与对生活和活着的投入（CTL）。
方法
对824名年龄≥75岁的以色列人进行了结构化的居家访谈，共设置了三个年度数据收集时间点。我们假设并测试了一个交叉滞后纵向结构方程模型（SEM），其中CTL和社会支持被假定随时间相互预测，并对先前报告的CTL和社会支持进行协变分析。
结果
社会支持具有积极的同期效应，可预测T1和T3时对生活的投入，而CTL可预测次年（即T1 - T2和T2 - T3）的社会支持。对人际关系的满意度在每个数据收集点对两个潜在构念的测量都有显著贡献。
讨论
对生活和活着的投入与社会支持是相互交织的现象。虽然社会支持对CTL有伴随效应，但CTL对社会支持的效应是随时间显现的。这表明更多的社会支持会促进更强的CTL，促使老年人培育社会网络和人际关系；其结果是未来会有更多的社会支持。这些结果的影响值得在更长时间和跨文化背景下进行进一步研究。
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