State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China.
Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Jun 26;24(13):10654. doi: 10.3390/ijms241310654.
The principal goal of rice ( L.) breeding is to increase the yield. In the past, hybrid rice was mainly intra-subspecies hybrids, but its yield has been difficult to improve. The hybridization between the and subspecies has stronger heterosis; the utilization of inter-subspecies heterosis is important for long-term improvement of rice yields. However, the different diurnal flower-opening times (DFOTs) between the and subspecies seriously reduce the efficiency of cross-pollination and yield and increase the cost of - hybrid rice seeds, which has become one of the main constraints for the development of - hybrid rice breeding. The DFOT of plants is adapted to their growing environment and is also closely related to species stability and evolution. Herein, we review the structure and physiological basis of rice flower opening, the factors that affect DFOT, and the progress of cloning and characterization of DFOT genes in rice. We also analyze the problems in the study of DFOT and provide corresponding suggestions.
水稻（ L.）育种的主要目标是提高产量。过去，杂交水稻主要是亚种内杂种，但产量难以提高。与亚种间的杂交具有更强的杂种优势；利用亚种间杂种优势对于长期提高水稻产量非常重要。然而， 和 亚种之间不同的日开花时间（DFOT）严重降低了杂交授粉的效率和产量，并增加了杂交水稻种子的成本，这已成为杂交水稻育种发展的主要限制因素之一。植物的 DFOT 适应其生长环境，与物种稳定性和进化也密切相关。本文综述了水稻开花的结构和生理基础、影响 DFOT 的因素以及克隆和鉴定水稻 DFOT 基因的进展。我们还分析了 DFOT 研究中存在的问题，并提出了相应的建议。
