Departamento de Medicina y Cirugía Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Córdoba, Hospital Clínico Veterinario, Campus de Rabanales, Ctra. Madrid-Cádiz Km 396, 14014 Córdoba, Spain.
Fundación García-Cugat, Plaza Alfonso Comín 5-7, 08023 Barcelona, Spain.
Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Jun 28;24(13):10824. doi: 10.3390/ijms241310824.
Proteoglycans are vital components of the extracellular matrix in articular cartilage, providing biomechanical properties crucial for its proper functioning. They are key players in chondral diseases, specifically in the degradation of the extracellular matrix. Evaluating proteoglycan molecules can serve as a biomarker for joint degradation in osteoarthritis patients, as well as assessing the quality of repaired tissue following different treatment strategies for chondral injuries. Despite ongoing research, understanding osteoarthritis and cartilage repair remains unclear, making the identification of key molecules essential for early diagnosis and effective treatment. This review offers an overview of proteoglycans as primary molecules in articular cartilage. It describes the various types of proteoglycans present in both healthy and damaged cartilage, highlighting their roles. Additionally, the review emphasizes the importance of assessing proteoglycans to evaluate the quality of repaired articular tissue. It concludes by providing a visual and narrative description of aggrecan distribution and presence in healthy cartilage. Proteoglycans, such as aggrecan, biglycan, decorin, perlecan, and versican, significantly contribute to maintaining the health of articular cartilage and the cartilage repair process. Therefore, studying these proteoglycans is vital for early diagnosis, evaluating the quality of repaired cartilage, and assessing treatment effectiveness.
蛋白聚糖是关节软骨细胞外基质的重要组成部分，提供了对其正常功能至关重要的生物力学特性。它们是软骨疾病的关键因素，特别是在细胞外基质降解中。评估蛋白聚糖分子可以作为骨关节炎患者关节降解的生物标志物，以及评估软骨损伤不同治疗策略后修复组织的质量。尽管在不断研究，但对骨关节炎和软骨修复的理解仍不清楚，因此确定关键分子对于早期诊断和有效治疗至关重要。本综述概述了蛋白聚糖作为关节软骨的主要分子。它描述了存在于健康和受损软骨中的各种类型的蛋白聚糖，强调了它们的作用。此外，该综述强调了评估蛋白聚糖以评估修复关节组织质量的重要性。最后，它以健康软骨中聚集蛋白聚糖分布和存在的直观和叙述性描述结束。蛋白聚糖，如聚集蛋白聚糖、双糖链蛋白聚糖、核心蛋白聚糖、基膜聚糖和 versican，对维持关节软骨的健康和软骨修复过程有重要作用。因此，研究这些蛋白聚糖对于早期诊断、评估修复软骨的质量以及评估治疗效果至关重要。
