Department of Chemical Technology of Polymers and Industrial Ecology, Volzhsky Polytechnic Institute (Branch) of Volgograd State Technical University, 42a Engelsa st., Volzhsky 404121, Russia.
Department of Organic Chemistry, Volgograd State Technical University, 28 Lenina Avenue, Volgograd 400005, Russia.
Molecules. 2023 Jul 7;28(13):5267. doi: 10.3390/molecules28135267.
Elastomeric materials are utilized for the short-term protection of products and structures operating under extreme conditions in the aerospace, marine, and oil and gas industries. This research aims to study the influence of functionally active structures on the physical, mechanical, thermophysical, and fire- and heat-protective characteristics of elastomer compositions. The physical and mechanical properties of elastomer samples were determined using Shimazu AG-Xplus, while morphological research into microheterogeneous systems and coke structures was carried out on a scanning electronic microscope, Versa 3D. Differential thermal and thermogravimetric analyses of the samples were conducted on derivatograph Q-1500D. The presence of aluminosilicate microspheres, carbon microfibers, and a phosphor-nitrogen-organic modifier as part of the aforementioned structures contributes to the appearance of a synergetic effect, which results in an increase in the heat-protective properties of a material due to the enhancement in coke strength and intensification of material carbonization processes. The results indicate an 8-17% increase in the heating time of the unheated surface of a sample and a decrease in its linear burning speed by 6-17% compared to known analogues. In conclusion, microspheres compensate for the negative impact of microfibers on the density and thermal conductivity of a composition.
弹性体材料用于保护在航空航天、海洋、石油和天然气等行业极端条件下运行的产品和结构的短期使用。本研究旨在研究功能活性结构对弹性体组合物的物理、机械、热物理和防火、耐热特性的影响。使用 Shimazu AG-Xplus 测定弹性体样品的物理和机械性能，使用 Versa 3D 扫描电子显微镜对微不均匀体系和焦炭结构进行形态研究。在 derivatograph Q-1500D 上对样品进行差热和热重分析。作为上述结构一部分的铝硅酸盐微球、碳纤维和磷-氮-有机改性剂的存在导致协同效应的出现，这导致由于焦炭强度的提高和材料碳化过程的强化，材料的耐热性能提高。结果表明，与已知的类似物相比，样品未受热表面的加热时间增加了 8-17%，线性燃烧速度降低了 6-17%。总之，微球补偿了微纤维对组合物密度和热导率的负面影响。
