Department of Geriatrics, Orthopedics, and Rheumatology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy.
Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli", IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy.
Nutrients. 2023 Jun 29;15(13):2963. doi: 10.3390/nu15132963.
Previous studies found a lower prevalence of sarcopenia in older adults engaged in regular aerobic training (AT) or with greater adherence to a Mediterranean (MED) diet. However, the effect of their combination on sarcopenia indices is unknown. The present study tested the association between AT plus a MED diet and the presence of sarcopenia and its defining elements in a sample of Italian older adults enrolled in the Longevity Check-up 7+ (Lookup 7+) project. Analyses were conducted in participants 65+ years, with a body mass index of at least 18.5 kg/m, engaged in regular AT, and without missing information for the variables of interest. MED diet adherence was evaluated via a modified version of the MEDI-LITE score and categorized as low, moderate, or high. The presence of sarcopenia was established by handgrip strength and appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASM) values below sex-specific cut-points recommended by the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People 2. Data from 491 older adults were analyzed for the present study. The mean age was 72.7 ± 5.7 years, and 185 (37.7%) were women. MED diet adherence was low in 59 (12.0%) participants, moderate in 283 (57.6%), and high in 149 (30.3%). Sarcopenia was identified in 26 participants (5.3%), with no differences across MED diet adherence groups. The results of binary logistic regression showed no significant associations between AT plus adherence to a MED diet and dynapenia, low ASM, or sarcopenia. The findings of the present study indicate that the combination of AT with a MED diet is not associated with a lower probability of sarcopenia or its defining elements in Italian older adults enrolled in Lookup 7+. Further research is warranted to establish whether exercise frequency, volume, intensity, and length of engagement in AT impact the association between MED diet and sarcopenia.
先前的研究发现，经常进行有氧运动训练（AT）或更遵循地中海饮食（MED）的老年人中，肌少症的患病率较低。然而，他们的组合对肌少症指标的影响尚不清楚。本研究在参加长寿检查 7+（Lookup 7+）项目的意大利老年人样本中，检验了 AT 加 MED 饮食与肌少症及其定义元素的存在之间的关联。分析对象为年龄在 65 岁以上、体重指数至少为 18.5kg/m、经常进行规律 AT 且无感兴趣变量缺失信息的参与者。通过 MEDI-LITE 评分的改良版评估 MED 饮食的依从性，并分为低、中、高三种。肌少症的存在通过握力和四肢骨骼肌质量（ASM）值低于欧洲老年人肌少症工作组推荐的性别特异性切点来确定。本研究共分析了 491 名老年人的数据。平均年龄为 72.7 ± 5.7 岁，185 名（37.7%）为女性。59 名（12.0%）参与者的 MED 饮食依从性低，283 名（57.6%）为中等，149 名（30.3%）为高。26 名参与者（5.3%）存在肌少症，不同 MED 饮食依从性组之间无差异。二元逻辑回归结果显示，AT 加 MED 饮食依从性与无力、低 ASM 或肌少症之间无显著关联。本研究结果表明，在参加 Lookup 7+的意大利老年人中，AT 与 MED 饮食相结合与肌少症或其定义元素的低发生率无关。需要进一步的研究来确定 AT 的运动频率、量、强度和持续时间是否会影响 MED 饮食与肌少症之间的关联。
