Department of Geriatrics, Orthopedics and Rheumatology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, L.go F. Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy.
Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "Agostino Gemelli" IRCCS, L.go A. Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, Italy.
Nutrients. 2023 Nov 23;15(23):4892. doi: 10.3390/nu15234892.
High adiposity impacts health and quality of life in old age, owing to its association with multimorbidity, decreased physical performance, and frailty. Whether a high adherence to a Mediterranean diet (Medi-Diet) is associated with reduced body adiposity in older adults is unclear. The present study was conducted to assess the prevalence of high adiposity in a large sample of community-dwelling older adults. We also explored the relationship between whole-body adiposity estimated through relative fat mass (RFM) and Medi-Diet adherence. Data were obtained from the Longevity Check-up 7+ (Lookup7+) project database. RFM was estimated from anthropometric and personal parameters using a validated equation. RFM was categorized as high if ≥40% in women and ≥30% in men. Information on diet was collected using a food frequency questionnaire, while Medi-Diet adherence was assessed through a modified version of the Medi-Lite scoring system. Analyses were conducted in 2092 participants (mean age 73.1 ± 5.9 years; 53.4% women). Mean RFM was 39.6 ± 5.14% in women and 29.0 ± 3.6% in men. High adiposity was found in 971 (46.4%) participants and was more frequent in those with a low (54.2%) or moderate (46.4%) Medi-Diet adherence compared with the high-adherence group (39.7%, < 0.001). Logistic regression indicated that older adults with high Medi-Diet adherence were less likely to have a high RFM. Other factors associated with a greater risk of having high adiposity were older age, female sex, and physical inactivity. Our findings support an association between healthy lifestyles, including a greater adherence to a Mediterranean-style diet, and lower body adiposity in older adults.
肥胖症会导致多种疾病、身体机能下降和虚弱，从而影响老年人的健康和生活质量。目前尚不清楚高度遵循地中海饮食（Medi-Diet）是否与老年人的体脂减少有关。本研究旨在评估大量社区居住的老年人中高度肥胖症的患病率，并探讨通过相对脂肪量（RFM）估计的全身肥胖症与 Medi-Diet 依从性之间的关系。研究数据来自长寿检查 7+（Lookup7+）项目数据库。使用验证过的方程，根据人体测量和个人参数来估计 RFM。如果女性的 RFM 大于等于 40%，男性的 RFM 大于等于 30%，则认为其为高度肥胖症。使用食物频率问卷收集饮食信息，通过 Medi-Lite 评分系统的修改版评估 Medi-Diet 依从性。本研究共纳入 2092 名参与者（平均年龄 73.1 ± 5.9 岁，53.4%为女性）。女性的平均 RFM 为 39.6 ± 5.14%，男性的平均 RFM 为 29.0 ± 3.6%。971 名（46.4%）参与者存在高度肥胖症，低（54.2%）或中度（46.4%） Medi-Diet 依从性组的比例高于高依从性组（39.7%，<0.001）。Logistic 回归分析表明，高度遵循 Medi-Diet 的老年人不太可能有高度 RFM。其他与高度肥胖症风险增加相关的因素包括年龄较大、女性和缺乏身体活动。我们的研究结果支持健康的生活方式，包括更大程度地遵循地中海饮食，与老年人的体脂减少之间存在关联。
