Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University-Plovdiv, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria.
Laboratory of Metabolomics, Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria.
Nutrients. 2023 Jul 7;15(13):3061. doi: 10.3390/nu15133061.
Besides their common use as an adaptogen, (Willd.) Iljin. rhizome and its root extract (RCE) are also reported to beneficially affect lipid metabolism. The main characteristic secondary metabolites of RCE are phytoecdysteroids. In order to determine an RCE's phytoecdysteroid profile, a novel, sensitive, and robust high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) method was developed and validated. Moreover, a comparative analysis was conducted to investigate the effects of RCE and its secondary metabolites on adipogenesis and adipolysis. The evaluation of the anti-adipogenic and lipolytic effects was performed using human Simpson-Golabi-Behmel syndrome cells, where lipid staining and measurement of released glycerol and free fatty acids were employed. The HPTLC method confirmed the presence of 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E), ponasterone A (PA), and turkesterone (TU) in RCE. The observed results revealed that RCE, 20E, and TU significantly reduced lipid accumulation in human adipocytes, demonstrating their anti-adipogenic activity. Moreover, RCE and 20E were found to effectively stimulate basal lipolysis. However, no significant effects were observed with PA and TU applications. Based on our findings, RCE and 20E affect both lipogenesis and lipolysis, while TU only restrains adipogenesis. These results are fundamental for further investigations.
除了作为适应原的共同用途外，（Willd.）Iljin. 根茎及其根提取物（RCE）也被报道有益地影响脂质代谢。RCE 的主要特征次生代谢物是植物甾醇。为了确定 RCE 的植物甾醇谱，开发并验证了一种新的、灵敏且强大的高效薄层色谱（HPTLC）方法。此外，进行了比较分析，以研究 RCE 及其次生代谢物对脂肪生成和脂肪分解的影响。使用人类辛普森-高拉比-贝姆综合征细胞评估抗脂肪生成和脂肪分解作用，其中使用脂质染色和释放的甘油和游离脂肪酸的测量来进行。HPTLC 方法证实了 RCE 中存在 20-羟基蜕皮甾酮（20E）、蒲公英甾酮 A（PA）和 turkesterone（TU）。观察到的结果表明，RCE、20E 和 TU 显著减少了人类脂肪细胞中的脂质积累，表明它们具有抗脂肪生成活性。此外，RCE 和 20E 被发现可有效刺激基础脂肪分解。然而，PA 和 TU 的应用没有观察到显著效果。基于我们的发现，RCE 和 20E 影响脂肪生成和脂肪分解，而 TU 仅抑制脂肪生成。这些结果是进一步研究的基础。
