Department of Child, Adolescent Health and Maternal Care, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.
Department of Growth and Development, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing 100020, China.
Nutrients. 2023 Jul 7;15(13):3066. doi: 10.3390/nu15133066.
Few studies have examined the sex differences in left ventricle (LV) structure and physiology from early life stages. We aimed to assess the role of sex and overweight/obesity on left ventricular mass (LVM) and LV volume in Chinese children without preexisting cardiovascular risk factors. We selected 934 healthy children aged 6-8 years from an existing cohort in Beijing, China. Linear regression models were used to regress body mass index (BMI), fat mass, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, waist circumference, and visceral fat area (VFA) with LVM, left ventricle end-diastolic volume (LVEDV) and end-systolic volume (LVESV). Higher BMI, fat mass, waist circumference, VFA, and stroke volume (SV) predicted higher LVM, LVEDV, and LVESV in both sexes. Multivariable analysis showed that boys with an elevated BMI had greater LV hypertrophy. LVEDV and LVESV were higher among boys than among girls and increased with higher BMI in both boys and girls. LVEDV and LVESV were associated with VFA in boys. We observed sex differences in LVM, LVESV, and LVEDV among prepubertal children, independent of obesity, with higher values observed in boys. Sex differences in cardiac structure in children may help explain the higher incidence of cardiovascular disease in male adults. Whether interventions to reduce childhood obesity can improve the trajectory of cardiac dynamics is worth investigating.
很少有研究从生命早期阶段检查左心室（LV）结构和生理学中的性别差异。我们旨在评估性别和超重/肥胖对无心血管危险因素的中国儿童左心室质量（LVM）和左心室容积的影响。我们从中国北京的一个现有队列中选择了 934 名健康的 6-8 岁儿童。线性回归模型用于回归体重指数（BMI）、脂肪量、收缩压、舒张压、腰围和内脏脂肪面积（VFA）与 LVM、左心室舒张末期容积（LVEDV）和收缩末期容积（LVESV）的关系。较高的 BMI、脂肪量、腰围、VFA 和每搏输出量（SV）预测男女的 LVM、LVEDV 和 LVESV 更高。多变量分析显示，BMI 升高的男孩左心室肥厚更大。与女孩相比，男孩的 LVEDV 和 LVESV 更高，且男孩和女孩的 BMI 越高，LVEDV 和 LVESV 也越高。LVEDV 和 LVESV 与男孩的 VFA 相关。我们观察到，在青春期前儿童中，无论肥胖与否，LVM、LVESV 和 LVEDV 均存在性别差异，男孩的这些值更高。儿童心脏结构的性别差异可能有助于解释成年男性心血管疾病发病率较高的原因。是否干预儿童肥胖可以改善心脏动力学轨迹值得研究。
