Centre for Health and Life Sciences, Institute for Health and Wellbeing, Coventry University, Coventry, Warwickshire, UK.
Warwickshire Institute for the Study of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Clinical Sciences Research Laboratories, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry, UK.
Obes Rev. 2023 Sep;24(9):e13600. doi: 10.1111/obr.13600. Epub 2023 Jul 13.
The complex and multifactorial etiology of obesity creates challenges for its effective long-term management. Increasingly, the gut microbiome is reported to play a key role in the maintenance of host health and wellbeing, with its dysregulation associated with chronic diseases such as obesity. The gut microbiome is hypothesized to contribute to obesity development and pathogenesis via several pathways involving food digestion, energy harvest and storage, production of metabolites influencing satiety, maintenance of gut barrier integrity, and bile acid metabolism. Moreover, the gut microbiome likely contributes to the metabolic, inflammatory, and satiety benefits and sustained weight-loss effects following bariatric procedures such as sleeve gastrectomy. While the field of gut microbiome research in relation to obesity and sleeve gastrectomy outcomes is largely in its infancy, the gut microbiome nonetheless holds great potential for understanding some of the mechanisms behind sleeve gastrectomy outcomes as well as for optimizing post-surgery benefits. This review will explore the current literature within the field as well as discuss the current limitations, including the small sample size, variability in methodological approaches, and lack of associative data, which need to be addressed in future studies.
肥胖的复杂多因素病因使其长期有效管理面临挑战。越来越多的研究表明，肠道微生物组在维持宿主健康和幸福方面起着关键作用，其失调与肥胖等慢性疾病有关。肠道微生物组通过涉及食物消化、能量获取和储存、影响饱腹感的代谢产物的产生、维持肠道屏障完整性和胆汁酸代谢的几种途径，被假设为导致肥胖发展和发病的原因。此外，肠道微生物组可能有助于代谢、炎症和饱腹感的益处，并维持袖状胃切除术等减肥手术的持续减肥效果。尽管与肥胖和袖状胃切除术结果相关的肠道微生物组研究领域还处于起步阶段，但肠道微生物组对于理解袖状胃切除术结果背后的一些机制以及优化手术后获益仍具有很大的潜力。本文将探讨该领域的现有文献，并讨论当前的局限性，包括样本量小、方法学方法的可变性以及缺乏关联数据，这些都需要在未来的研究中加以解决。
