评估保加利亚南部罗姆人人群样本的健康状况和心血管危险因素。

Assessment of health status and cardiovascular risk factors in a Roma population sample from South Bulgaria.

机构信息

Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria.

出版信息

Cent Eur J Public Health. 2023 Jun;31(2):115-119. doi: 10.21101/cejph.a7071.

DOI:10.21101/cejph.a7071

PMID:37451244

Abstract

OBJECTIVES

Roma population is one of the major ethnic groups in the Central and Eastern Europe, having high rates of chronic diseases and associated risk factors related to their poor social conditions, unhealthy lifestyle and low educational level. The purpose of our study was to assess the health status of Roma from South Bulgaria by means of blood indicators and determine the prevalence of some cardiovascular (CV) risk factors in the Roma population sample.

METHODS

The study group consisted of 60 Roma (23 men and 37 women), mean age 53.7 ± 15.9 years, and the control group consisted of 68 non-Roma from the majority population (29 men and 38 women), mean age 45.8 ± 12.2 years. The data were collected via questionnaire, anthropometric measures, and venous blood samples analyses after an overnight fasting.

RESULTS

The Roma population subjects were slightly but significantly older compared to the non-Roma group and both study groups included more women. The fasting glucose, body mass index (BMI), triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), and LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C) levels were significantly higher, and HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C) levels were significantly lower in Roma compared to the control non-Roma group. The values of cardiovascular risk markers such as TC/HDL-C and TG/HDL-C ratios, atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) and lipoprotein combine index (LCI) were significantly higher in Roma compared to non-Roma subjects. The prevalence of obesity in Roma was 35%, diabetes mellitus was recorded in 16.7% of the entire Roma sample, and hyperglycaemia in non-diabetics was recorded in 32%. Hypercholesterolaemia was found in 90% and hypertriglyceridaemia was found in 88.3%. The prevalence of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) was high and was encountered in 71.7% of the Roma participants and most of the subjects (96.7%) reported family history of CVD. The studied population showed high smoking rates with 33.3% active smokers.

CONCLUSIONS

Our study confirmed high prevalence of CV risk factors among Roma population, such as abnormal lipid profile parameters, obesity and heavy smoking and very high cardiovascular morbidity rate. Therefore, adequate measures and healthcare programmes aiming at the early identification, treatment and prevention of CVD risks among Roma are necessary.

摘要

目的

罗姆人是中欧和东欧的主要族群之一，由于他们贫困的社会条件、不健康的生活方式和低教育水平，他们患有多种慢性疾病和相关的危险因素。我们研究的目的是通过血液指标评估保加利亚南部罗姆人的健康状况，并确定罗姆人群体样本中一些心血管（CV）危险因素的流行率。

方法

研究组由 60 名罗姆人（23 名男性和 37 名女性）组成，平均年龄为 53.7 ± 15.9 岁，对照组由 68 名来自多数族裔的非罗姆人（29 名男性和 38 名女性）组成，平均年龄为 45.8 ± 12.2 岁。数据通过问卷调查、人体测量和空腹静脉血样分析收集。

结果

罗姆人组的受试者年龄略大，但与非罗姆人组相比差异有统计学意义，且两组均以女性为主。与对照组相比，罗姆人组的空腹血糖、体重指数（BMI）、甘油三酯（TG）、总胆固醇（TC）和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）水平显著升高，高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）水平显著降低。与非罗姆人组相比，罗姆人组的心血管风险标志物如 TC/HDL-C 和 TG/HDL-C 比值、血浆致动脉粥样硬化指数（AIP）和脂蛋白组合指数（LCI）的水平显著升高。罗姆人肥胖的患病率为 35%，整个罗姆人样本中糖尿病的患病率为 16.7%，非糖尿病患者的高血糖患病率为 32%。高胆固醇血症的患病率为 90%，高甘油三酯血症的患病率为 88.3%。心血管疾病（CVD）的患病率很高，在 71.7%的罗姆人参与者中发现，大多数受试者（96.7%）报告了 CVD 的家族史。研究人群的吸烟率很高，有 33.3%的活跃吸烟者。