Department of Health Services Research, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, Ammerlaender Heerstrasse 140, 29123, Oldenburg, Germany.
Institute of Medical Sociology, Health Services Research, and Rehabilitation Science (IMVR), Chair of Medical Sociology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Eupener Str. 129, 50933, Cologne, Germany.
BMC Prim Care. 2023 Jul 15;24(1):148. doi: 10.1186/s12875-023-02101-w.
The current uptake of many vaccinations recommended for persons aged 60 and older is unsatisfactory in Germany. Lack of confidence in the safety and efficacy of vaccinations, lack of knowledge and insecurities about possible side effects, and numerous pragmatic barriers are just some of the reasons to be mentioned. General practitioners (GPs) play a central role in the vaccination process. Therefore, effective interventions in this context are needed to address the various barriers and improve the vaccination uptake rates.
A complex intervention will be implemented and evaluated in 1057 GPs' practices in two German federal states. The components include trainings for GPs and medical assistants on communication psychology, medical aspects, and organisational vaccination processes. The primary outcome influenza vaccination rate and the secondary outcomes vaccination uptake rate of other vaccinations as well as vaccine literacy of patients will be examined. The intervention will be evaluated in a mixed methods study with a controlled design. Survey data will be analysed descriptively and by using mean comparisons as well as multivariable multilevel analyses. The qualitative data will be analysed with qualitative content analysis. The secondary data will be analysed by using descriptive statistics, a pre-post comparison by performing mean comparisons, cluster analysis, and subgroup analyses.
In this study, a complex intervention to improve vaccination rates in GP practices for the vaccinations recommended for people aged 60 years and older will be implemented and evaluated. Additionally, improvements in patients' vaccine-related health literacy and knowledge, and patients' intention to get vaccinated are expected. The mixed methods design can deliver results that can be used to improve preventive health care for elderly people and to gain more knowledge on vaccination uptake and the intervention's effectiveness.
Trial registration number: DRKS00027252 (retrospectively registered).
目前，德国 60 岁及以上人群对许多推荐疫苗的接种率不尽如人意。对疫苗安全性和有效性缺乏信心、缺乏相关知识和对潜在副作用的担忧，以及众多实际障碍等都是需要提及的原因。全科医生（GP）在疫苗接种过程中起着核心作用。因此，需要在这方面采取有效的干预措施来解决各种障碍，提高疫苗接种率。
将在德国两个联邦州的 1057 家 GP 诊所实施和评估一项复杂干预措施。该干预措施包括对全科医生和医疗助理进行沟通心理学、医学方面和组织疫苗接种流程的培训。主要结局是流感疫苗接种率，次要结局是其他疫苗的接种率和患者疫苗接种知识。该干预措施将在一项具有对照设计的混合方法研究中进行评估。调查数据将进行描述性分析，并使用均值比较和多变量多层次分析。定性数据将采用定性内容分析进行分析。二级数据将采用描述性统计、通过均值比较进行前后比较、聚类分析和亚组分析进行分析。
本研究将实施并评估一项旨在提高 GP 诊所老年人推荐疫苗接种率的复杂干预措施。此外，预计还将提高患者与疫苗相关的健康素养和知识，以及患者接种疫苗的意愿。混合方法设计可以提供可用于改善老年人预防保健的结果，并更深入地了解疫苗接种率和干预效果。
注册号：DRKS00027252（回顾性注册）。
