Institut für Medizinische Biochemie, Veterinärmedizinische Universität Wien, Veterinärplatz 1, A-1210, Wien, Austria.
Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Balzaretti 9, I-20133, Milano, Italy.
Vet Res Commun. 2023 Dec;47(4):1801-1815. doi: 10.1007/s11259-023-10170-6. Epub 2023 Jul 15.
Acute phase proteins (APPs) reflect the health status of individuals and are important tools in diagnostics, as their altered levels are a sign of disturbed homeostasis. While, in most cases, quantitation of known serum APPs is routinely performed by immunoassays, proteomics is helpful in discovery of new biomarker candidates, especially in samples other than body fluids. Besides putting APP regulation into an overall context of differentially abundant proteins, this approach can detect further details or outright new features in protein structure or specific modifications, and help understand better their function. Thus, it can show up ways to make present diagnostic assays more sensitive and/or specific, or correlate regulations of disease-specific proteins. The APP repertoire is dependent on the species. The pig is both, an important farm animal and a model animal for human diseases, due to similarities in physiology. Besides reviewing existing literature, yet unpublished examples for two-dimensional electrophoresis in connection with pig APPs highlight some of the benefits of proteomics. Of further help would be the emerging targeted proteomics, offering the possibility to determine particular isoforms or proteoforms, without the need of specific antibodies, but this method is presently scarcely used in veterinary medicine.
急性期蛋白（APPs）反映了个体的健康状况，是诊断学中的重要工具，因为其水平的改变是体内平衡失调的标志。虽然在大多数情况下，通过免疫测定法常规定量已知的血清 APPs，但蛋白质组学在发现新的生物标志物候选物方面很有帮助，特别是在体液以外的样本中。除了将 APP 调节置于差异丰度蛋白的整体背景中，这种方法还可以检测到蛋白质结构或特定修饰的进一步细节或全新特征，并有助于更好地理解其功能。因此，它可以显示出如何使现有的诊断检测更敏感和/或更具特异性，或关联疾病特异性蛋白的调节。APP 谱取决于物种。由于生理上的相似性，猪既是一种重要的农场动物，也是人类疾病的模型动物。除了回顾现有文献外，与猪 APPs 相关的二维电泳的未发表示例强调了蛋白质组学的一些优势。如果出现新兴的靶向蛋白质组学，提供了无需特定抗体即可确定特定同工型或蛋白异构体的可能性，那么这将是进一步的帮助，但这种方法在兽医医学中目前很少使用。
