National Institute of Food Science and Technology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan.
Division of LPT, SKUAST-J, J&K, India.
Toxicon. 2023 Aug 15;232:107227. doi: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2023.107227. Epub 2023 Jul 14.
While food shortages have become an important challenge, providing safe food resources is a point of interest on a global scale. Mycotoxins are secondary metabolites that are formed through various fungi species. They are mainly spread through diets such as food or beverages. About one quarter of the world's food is spoiled with mycotoxins. As this problem is not resolved, it represents a significant threat to global food security. Besides the current concerns regarding the contamination of food items by these metabolites, the lack of knowledge by consumers and their possible growth and toxin production attracted considerable attention. While globalization provides a favorite condition for some countries, food security still is challenging for most countries. There are various approaches to reducing the mycotoxigenic fungi growth and formation of mycotoxins in food, include as physical, chemical, and biological processes. The current article will focus on collecting data regarding consumers' awareness of mycotoxins. Furthermore, a critical overview and comparison among different preventative approaches to reduce risk by consumers will be discussed. Finally, the current effect of mycotoxins on global trade, besides future challenges faced by mycotoxin contamination on food security, will be discussed briefly.
虽然粮食短缺已成为一个重要挑战，但提供安全的食物资源是全球关注的焦点。真菌毒素是由各种真菌产生的次生代谢物。它们主要通过食物或饮料等饮食传播。大约四分之一的世界粮食被真菌毒素污染。由于这个问题尚未得到解决，因此它对全球粮食安全构成了重大威胁。除了目前人们对这些代谢物污染食物的担忧外，消费者对其了解的缺乏以及它们的可能生长和毒素产生引起了相当大的关注。虽然全球化为一些国家提供了有利条件，但食品安全对大多数国家来说仍然是一个挑战。有多种方法可以减少食物中真菌毒素的生长和形成，包括物理、化学和生物过程。本文将重点收集有关消费者对真菌毒素认识的数据。此外，还将对不同预防方法进行批判性的综述和比较，以减少消费者面临的风险。最后，将简要讨论真菌毒素对全球贸易的当前影响，以及未来真菌毒素污染对食品安全的挑战。
