Mateus Ana Rita Soares, Barros Sílvia Cruz, Cortegoso Sandra Mariño, Sendón Raquel, Barbosa-Pereira Letrícia, Khwaldia Khaoula, Pataro Gianpiero, Ferrari Giovanna, Breniaux Marion, Ghidossi Remy, Pena Angelina, Sanches-Silva Ana
National Institute for Agricultural and Veterinary Research (INIAV), I.P., Rua dos Lágidos, Lugar da Madalena, 4485-655 Vairão, Vila do Conde, Portugal.
University of Coimbra, Faculty of Pharmacy, Polo III, Azinhaga de Stª Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal.
Food Chem X. 2024 Aug 6;23:101718. doi: 10.1016/j.fochx.2024.101718. eCollection 2024 Oct 30.
Sweet cherry pits, date seeds, and grape seeds are abundant fruit by-products in the Mediterranean region. Assessing their antioxidant capacity is crucial for their valorization. Grape and date seeds exhibited higher concentrations of total phenolic and flavonoid contents, and significant antioxidant capacity. Epicatechin was the main flavonoid in sweet cherry pits and date seeds (29-85 mg/g), while vanillic acid was the predominant phenolic acid across all by-products (5-23 mg/g). However, some sweet cherry pit varieties exceeded Maximum Residue Levels (MRL) for five pesticides, while grape seeds contained thirteen fungicide residues, all below MRL. Ochratoxin A was detected in one date seed but below the limit of quantification. Additionally, grape seeds showed an Al content of approximately 130 mg/kg, along with levels of As, Cd, and Pb. Date seeds exhibited high potential for food and pharmaceutical applications, pending evaluation for chemical contaminants.
甜樱桃核、枣核和葡萄籽是地中海地区丰富的水果副产品。评估它们的抗氧化能力对其价值提升至关重要。葡萄和枣核表现出较高的总酚和类黄酮含量以及显著的抗氧化能力。表儿茶素是甜樱桃核和枣核中的主要类黄酮（29 - 85毫克/克），而香草酸是所有副产品中主要的酚酸（5 - 23毫克/克）。然而，一些甜樱桃核品种的五种农药残留量超过了最大残留限量（MRL），而葡萄籽含有13种杀菌剂残留，均低于MRL。在一粒枣核中检测到赭曲霉毒素A，但低于定量限。此外，葡萄籽显示铝含量约为130毫克/千克，同时还有砷、镉和铅的含量。枣核在食品和制药应用方面具有很高的潜力，有待对化学污染物进行评估。
